Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Is change in global self-rated health associated with change in affiliation with a primary care provider? Findings from a longitudinal study from New Zealand.
To investigate the association of self-rated health and affiliation with a primary care provider (PCP) in New Zealand. ⋯ Our data support the hypothesis that those in poorer health are more likely to be affiliated with a PCP. Variations in affiliation for Māori could arise for several reasons, including differences in care-seeking behaviour and perceived need of care. It may also mean that the message about the benefits of primary health care is not getting through equally to all population groups.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
A latent class analysis of cancer risk behaviors among U.S. college students.
The purpose of this study is to understand how cancer risk behaviors cluster in U.S. college students and vary by race and ethnicity. ⋯ Cancer risk behaviors/conditions appear to cluster among college students differentially by race. Understanding how risk behaviors cluster in young adults can lend insight to racial disparities in cancer through adulthood. Health behavior interventions focused on modifying multiple risk behaviors and tailored to students' racial group could potentially have a much larger effect on cancer prevention than those targeting any single behavior.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTheory-based behavioral intervention increases self-reported physical activity in South African men: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether a health-promotion intervention increases South African men's adherence to physical-activity guidelines. ⋯ A theory-based culturally congruent intervention increased South African men's self-reported physical activity, a key contributor to deaths from non-communicable diseases in South Africa.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInvolving community stakeholders to increase park use and physical activity.
The aim of this study is to describe implementation of a randomized controlled trial of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to increase park use and physical activity across 33 diverse neighborhoods in Los Angeles. ⋯ Scaling up CBPR methods across diverse communities involved tradeoffs. CBPR is useful for tailoring research and enhancing community impact and sustainability, but more work is needed to understand how to conduct multi-site trials across diverse settings using CBPR.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
A repeated cross-sectional study examining the school impact on child weight status.
The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a differential impact of primary schools upon children's weight status. ⋯ The inconsistency of the rankings and the small variation in BMI-SDS at the level of the school suggests that there is no systematic differential impact of primary schools upon pupil weight status.