Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Quantifying the physical activity energy expenditure of commuters using a combination of global positioning system and combined heart rate and movement sensors.
Active commuting may help to increase adults' physical activity levels. However, estimates of its energy cost are derived from a small number of studies which are laboratory-based or use self-reported measures. ⋯ We have demonstrated how GPS and activity data from a free-living sample can be used simultaneously to provide objective estimates of commuting energy expenditure. On average, incorporating walking or cycling into longer journeys provided over half the weekly recommended activity levels from the commute alone. This may be an efficient way of achieving physical activity guidelines and improving population health.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Supplemental nutrition assistance program participation and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, overall and by source.
This paper examined patterns in adults' sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and caloric intake by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation status and by source of purchases in the United States (US). ⋯ SNAP participants consumed more SSB calories compared to SNAP-eligible nonparticipants; and their SSB prevalence and caloric intake trend was flat over the 2003-04 to 2009-10 period. SNAP-Education interventions that focus on improving access to healthy food in poor neighborhoods may benefit SNAP participants.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialProspective effects of pedometer use and class competitions on physical activity in youth: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate the immediate effects of a school-based multi-component program to foster a physically active lifestyle in adolescence. ⋯ An easy to administer school-based physical activity program (12 weeks) may enhance students' leisure-time physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of a multi-component camp-based intervention on inflammatory markers and adipokines in children: A randomized controlled trial.
To examine the effects of a multi-component camp-based intervention on inflammatory markers and adipokines in children. ⋯ The 6-week camp intervention resulted in reductions in CRP and leptin. The intervention effects did not persist to 52 weeks. The intervention effect on leptin was explained by changes in body fat mass.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Racial and ethnic differences in human papillomavirus positivity and risk factors among low-income women in Federally Qualified Health Centers in the United States.
Reasons for racial/ethnic disparities in HPV infection are unclear. This study assessed racial/ethnic differences in and risk factors for HPV positivity among low-income women. Data were collected from 984 low-income women visiting Federally Qualified Health Centers across Illinois (2009-2011). ⋯ In multivariate-adjusted logistic regression, being non-Hispanic black, first sexual intercourse before age 16 years, increasing numbers of recent or lifetime sexual partners and current cigarette smoking status were associated with a higher likelihood of HPV positivity. Our findings highlight racial/ethnic differences in HPV positivity and risk factors in a population of women with similar socioeconomic characteristics. When measuring HPV risk factors within the Hispanic population, foreign-born status and other mediating factors, such as social norms and cultural characteristics, may be relevant to assess the intragroup heterogeneity.