Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2015
Review Meta AnalysisPersonal financial incentives for changing habitual health-related behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Uncertainty remains about whether personal financial incentives could achieve sustained changes in health-related behaviors that would reduce the fast-growing global non-communicable disease burden. This review aims to estimate whether: i. financial incentives achieve sustained changes in smoking, eating, alcohol consumption and physical activity; ii. effectiveness is modified by (a) the target behavior, (b) incentive value and attainment certainty, (c) recipients' deprivation level. ⋯ Personal financial incentives can change habitual health-related behaviors and help reduce health inequalities. However, their role in reducing disease burden is potentially limited given current evidence that effects dissipate beyond three months post-incentive removal.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2015
Comparative StudyDoes marital status contribute to the explanation of the hypercholesterolemia paradox in relation to long term mortality in myocardial infarction? Findings from the MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry.
A recent study found long-term mortality after first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to be particularly reduced among married individuals with hypercholesterolemia. This study explores, whether statin treatments during the last week prior to AMI offer an explanation to this phenomenon. ⋯ Prior statin treatments appear to be an underlying factor for long-term mortality reduction in married AMI-survivors with hypercholesterolemia. Confirmation of our results in further studies is warranted.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2015
ReviewReducing the volume, exposure and negative impacts of advertising for foods high in fat, sugar and salt to children: A systematic review of the evidence from statutory and self-regulatory actions and educational measures.
To identify and review evidence on 1) the effectiveness of statutory and self-regulatory actions to reduce the volume, exposure or wider impact of advertising for foods high in fat, sugar and salt (HFSS) to children, and 2) the role of educational measures. ⋯ Consistency in measures from evaluations over time would assist the development and interpretation of the evidence base on successful actions and measures to reduce the volume, exposure and impact of advertising for foods HFSS to children.
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Parents play a critical role in their children's lifestyle habits. The objective was to assess the effect of parenting style on the risk of childhood obesity, and to determine whether poverty was a moderator of the association. ⋯ Parenting style is associated with childhood obesity, but may be moderated by poverty. Successful strategies to combat childhood obesity should reflect the independent and interactive associations of sociodemographic and social-familial influences on health especially in early childhood.