Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2021
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the 2019 cigarette excise tax reform in the Philippines.
In this past decade alone, the Philippines has made major strides in increasing the price of cigarettes. This study estimated the cost-effectiveness of the most recent cigarette price increase of about 29% brought about by Republic Act (RA) 11346 in 2019. A static or a single cohort model was populated with locally-sourced inputs whenever possible. ⋯ But when productivity losses averted due to the lives saved and the higher cost of hospitalizations were accounted for in the societal perspective, the excise tax reform yielded USD 415 Million net gain. It would save the public payer USD 10,612 per DALY averted while society at large stand to save USD 11,955 per DALY averted. Tax increases like RA 11346 yield significant revenue that can be used towards public health programs.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2021
Anticipated mental health consequences of coronavirus in a nationally-representative sample: Context, coverage, and economic consequences.
The COVID-19 pandemic will have long-term consequences due to social and economic disruption. This study aimed to understand the contextual, media, and economic factors associated with anticipated mental health consequences from the COVID-19 pandemic among Americans. A nationally representative survey of 1001 respondents was conducted in April 2020. ⋯ Living in a state with a greater COVID-19 death rate (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.10, 2.72) and anticipating long-term financial difficulties (OR 2.98; 95% CI 1.93, 4.60) were both associated with greater likelihood of anticipated mental health consequences. Those whose primary news source was television, as opposed to print or online, were almost 50% less likely to anticipate mental health challenges (OR 0.52 CI 0.33, 0.81), while those who reported spending two or more hours daily on COVID-19 news were 90% more likely (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.27, 2.85). Aspects of community health, media consumption, and economic impacts influence anticipated poor mental health from the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting each domain is relevant to interventions to address the consequences.