Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2023
Examining beliefs and information-seeking behaviors of young adults aged 20-39 to help inform cancer prevention communication.
Successfully reaching young adults with cancer early detection information is urgently important given the rising rates of cancer in this age group. We sought to describe to describe the 'when, who, where, what and how' of young adult cancer information seeking and how it differs from that of older participants. We analyzed information seeking and beliefs among young adult (aged 20-39 years) and middle aged and older (aged 40-75 years) respondents to the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5, cycle 4 (N = 2784). ⋯ They were more trusting of cancer information from government organizations than older adults (p = .019). Communicators may be able to better persuade young adults with early detection information framed around cherished values. Though respondents of all ages were most likely to choose protecting family as their top value, young adults valued happiness over safeguarding their health more than middle aged and older adults.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2023
Prevalence of and disparities in adolescents' susceptibility to novel oral nicotine products marketed as "tobacco-free".
Non-therapeutic, novel oral nicotine products are convenient, discreet to use, and flavored, with increasing sales in the United States. It is unclear whether these products appeal predominantly to adolescents already susceptible to inhalable nicotine products, or whether they attract adolescents who would not otherwise use nicotine. This study examined prevalence and correlates of susceptibility to inhalable and oral nicotine product use among adolescents. ⋯ Lower-socioeconomic status (SES) and sexual minority adolescents were more susceptible to oral (ORs = 1.76-1.87; ps < 0.05) and both products (ORs = 1.32-1.88; ps < 0.05), compared to higher-SES and heterosexual adolescents. Adolescents in Southern California may be more susceptible to e-cigarettes than other nicotine/tobacco products. However, appreciable numbers may be susceptible to oral nicotine products, including some youth who might not otherwise use nicotine and youth from populations historically impacted by tobacco-related health disparities.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2023
Evaluation of co-testing with cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical screening.
Cervical screening is increasingly switching to human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. In many settings, the switch has involved one or several co-tests (testing using both cytology and HPV) in the screening guidelines, to ensure safety. When Sweden switched to HPV testing in 2015 the guidelines included a co-test at age 41. ⋯ Among these, 325 women had a CIN2+ in histopathology, 290 were double positive, 13 women were cyt+/HPV-, and 11 women each were HPV+/cyt- and HPV-/Cyt-. In summary, the additional yield of CIN2+ with co-testing was 2 cases per 10,643 women as compared with 195/10,643 CIN2+ cases detected with HPV screening alone. However, for cervical samples taken outside the screening program (e.g. taken on a clinical indication) there was an increased yield (314 CIN2+ cases detected with co-testing as compared to 301 cases with HPV screening).