Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialComplex intervention to promote human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in school settings: A cluster-randomized trial.
Using a cluster-randomized trial design, we aimed to evaluate a complex intervention to increase uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in schools. The study was undertaken in high schools in Western Australia and South Australia between 2013 and 2015 with adolescents aged 12-13 years. Interventions included education, shared decision-making, and logistical strategies. ⋯ Contact for the HPV.edu study group: Cristyn. Davies@sydney.edu.au or Rachel. Skinner@sydney.edu.au.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2023
Psychosocial factors may serve as additional eligibility criteria for cardiovascular risk screening in women and men in a multi-ethnic population: The HELIUS study.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies include identifying and managing high risk individuals. Identification primarily occurs through screening or case finding. Guidelines indicate that psychosocial factors increase CVD risk, but their use for screening is not yet recommended. ⋯ Only socioeconomic eligibility criteria (employment status and educational level) improved high CVD risk prediction (p < .001 for likelihood-ratio tests). These increased AUCs in women (from 0.563 to 0.682) and men (from 0.610 to 0.664), particularly in Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese and Moroccan women, and Dutch and Moroccan men. Concluding, socioeconomic eligibility criteria may be considered as additional eligibility criteria for CVD risk screening, as they improve detection of women and men at high CVD risk.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2023
The association between commuting and cardiovascular disease: A biomarker-based analysis of cross-sectional cohort data from the UK Biobank.
This study used cross-sectional UK Biobank data to estimate the influence of active and passive commuting modes and commuting distance on cardiovascular disease (CVD) -related biomarkers as measures of health outcomes. The analysis applied logistic regression to assess the risk of exhibiting individual biomarker values outside a predefined reference interval and standard linear regression to estimate the relation between commuting practices and a composite CVD index. The study sample comprised 208,893 UK Biobank baseline survey participants aged 40 to 69 who use various modes of transport to commute to work at least once a week. ⋯ Although estimates for active commuting modes (cycling, walking) may admittedly be sensitive to different covariate adjustments, our specifications show them to be positively associated with select CVD biomarkers. Commuting long distances by car is negatively associated with CVD-related biomarkers, while cycling and walking might be positively associated. This biomarker-based evidence, although limited, is less susceptible to residual confounding than that from distant outcomes like CVD mortality.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2023
Application value of structured psychological nursing combined group health education in blood purification patients: Assisted by the purification of a nanofiber composite.
To explore the research value of structured psychological nursing combined with group health education in patients with blood purification. From May 2020 to March 2022, 96 pure-blood patients in the hospital were selected and divided into research group and control group according to simple random classification, with 48 patients in each group. ⋯ The disease cognitive ability, negative emotions, blood purification adequacy rate, nutritional status qualification rate and complication rate of the two groups before and after intervention were counted. (1) The number of disease points with unclear status in the study group after intervention was 10.39 ± 1.87, complications were 13.88 ± 2.27, lack of disease information was 12.36 ± 2.16, and unpredictability was 9.58 ± 1.38, which were lower than 13.12 ± 2.53, 17.56 ± 2.53, 15.83 ± 3.0411.67 ± 1.71; (2) After the intervention, the values of SDS of 40.77 ± 3.69 and SAS of 41.52 ± 4.06 were lower than those of 45.82 ± 5.01 and 46.35 ± 4.81 in the control group. (3) The blood adequacy rate of the study group was 91.67%, and the nutritional qualification rate was 93.75%, and the data of both groups were higher than that of 77.08% and 79.17% of the control group. (4) The incidence of complications in the study group was 4.17%, and the control group was 16.67%. Group health education and structured psychological care can effectively alleviate patients' negative emotions and deepen their awareness of diseases, thereby improving blood purification rate and nutrient absorption.
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When the body damages its own tissues in response to an infection, sepsis develops. Medical treatments are limited. It's important to understand the molecular mechanism behind sepsis pathogenesis and identify potential molecular treatment targets. ⋯ In the end, ANKRD22 and VNN1 were singled out as crucial genes. This study used WGCNA to investigate sepsis-associated susceptibility modules and genes. Our study identified two modules and two key genes as essential components in sepsis etiology, which may improve our understanding of its molecular mechanisms.