Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
How are hearing loss and physical activity related? Analysis from the English longitudinal study of ageing.
Although cross-sectional studies suggest that hearing loss in middle- and older-aged adults is associated with lower physical activity, longitudinal evidence is limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential bi-directional association between hearing loss and physical activity over time. Participants were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N = 11,292) who were 50-years or older at baseline assessment (1998-2000). ⋯ These findings highlight the importance of addressing physical activity in middle- and older-aged adults with hearing loss. As physical activity is a modifiable behaviour that can reduce the risk of developing chronic health conditions, individuals with hearing loss may need additional, tailored support to be more physically active. Mitigating the decline in physical activity could be essential to support healthy ageing for adults with hearing loss.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Association of influenza vaccination or influenza virus infection history with subsequent infection risk among children: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).
We measured the association between history of influenza vaccination by age 2 years and influenza virus (IFV) infection at ages 3 and 4 years by relative risk reduction. We also examined the association between history of IFV infection by age 2 years and recurrent IFV infection at age 3 years. This study included 73,666 children from a large Japanese birth cohort. ⋯ One-season-prior IFV infection increased the relative risk of recurrent infection at age 3 years (1.72-3.33). In conclusion, influenza vaccination-induced protection may partly extend to the next season. Owing to the relative risk reduction by influenza vaccination and the increased relative risk of IFV infection from prior-season infection, annual influenza vaccination is recommended.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization with pneumococcal vaccines in children and older adults in Brazil.
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted individuals, resulting in long-lasting consequences. One of the effects has been a decline in vaccine adherence attributed to physical distancing measures, potentially contributing to the resurgence of preventable diseases, and posing diagnostic challenges. Consequently, monitoring immunization rates becomes crucial as an indicator for health promotion campaigns and to mitigate the strain on healthcare systems. ⋯ However, not all showed a statistically significant change associated with the pandemic. Therefore, it is essential for states that experienced a decline in vaccination rates during the COVID-19 pandemic to closely monitor changes in pneumococcal vaccination. Failure in the process may lead to an increase in pneumococcal infections and place an additional burden on the healthcare system.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Group leisure activities are associated with a lower risk of dementia than individual leisure activities: A 6-year longitudinal study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES).
Participating in group leisure activities may lower the risk of dementia compared with doing leisure activities alone. However, only some studies have examined the differences. In this study, we sought to determine whether the incidence of dementia risk differs according to the implementation status of leisure activities (participation in a group or alone). ⋯ Over six years of follow-up, 5395 respondents (10.6%) developed dementia. After adjusting for potential confounders, such as depression and social support, the implementation status of leisure activities was associated with a lower dementia risk in participants who engaged in group leisure activities (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.85) and a higher dementia risk in those without leisure activity (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.22-1.39), in comparison with those engaging in leisure activities alone. Engagement in group leisure activities may be associated with a reduced risk of dementia.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2023
Application of MPP database and artificial intelligence system in online evaluation of college students' mental health.
Based on MPP database, we have conducted research and investigation on big data processing and analysis, and provided a good solution for big data. However, due to the large data storage requirements in the local file system may not be fully met. Therefore, the storage and management of big data, reliability, availability and scalability are more and more adopted by distributed file system. ⋯ College Students' mental health education is an important part of the current training. Rapid and accurate online evaluation and analysis of College Students' mental health can provide reference for college students and effective help for the follow-up activities and consultation of the school, At the same time, it provides some basis for the balance of psychological scale and the revision of item setting. In this paper, MPP database and artificial intelligence system are introduced into the application of mental health assessment, which can effectively assess the mental health of college students, and thus promote the continuous development of assessment application.