Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2024
ReviewU.S. postsecondary students' health and academic outcomes: A comprehensive scoping review.
The relationship between postsecondary students' health and academic outcomes may have important implications for their collegiate experience and their future prospects. Yet a comprehensive summary of the evidence examining this potential connection does not presently exist. Seeking to fill this gap, this study reviewed the extant literature on postsecondary students' academic outcomes and health across multiple domains. ⋯ This study serves as a first step in understanding the scope of existing research examining the connection between postsecondary students' health and academic outcomes. A substantial literature base was found; however, several gaps were identified including the need for more cohort studies, national studies, examination of graduate students, and a focus on academic outcomes beyond GPA.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2024
Association between obesity phenotypes and dietary patterns: A two-step cluster analysis based on the China multi-ethnic cohort study.
This study aimed to explore obesity phenotypes and investigate their association with dietary patterns. ⋯ Obesity phenotypes are closely related to metabolic and demographic characteristics, with serum uric acid being a significant factor in categorizing the metabolic states of obesity. The rice-oil-red meat and oil-salt patterns may be related to the metabolic status of individuals with obesity.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2024
Association of accelerometer-derived "weekend warrior" moderate to vigorous physical activity, chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
To examine the relationship between an accelerometer-derived "weekend warrior" pattern, characterized by achieving the most moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over 1-2 days, as opposed to more evenly distributed patterns, with risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). ⋯ Concentrated MVPA within 1 to 2 days is as effective as distributed ones in decreasing the risk of renal outcomes.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialEffectiveness of alcohol warning labels for at-risk groups and the general public: A policy-informing randomized experiment in Chile.
The World Health Organization recommends using health-risk warnings on alcoholic beverages. This study examines the impact of separate or combined warning labels for at-risk groups and the general population on alcohol purchase decisions. ⋯ General cancer risk warnings are more effective at reducing alcohol purchase decisions compared to warning labels for specific groups or labels using multiple warnings. In addition to warning labels, other policies should be considered for addressing well-known alcohol-related risks (e.g., drinking and driving).
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2024
The association between precarious employment and stress among working aged individuals in the United States.
Precarious employment is a plausible stressor, which may adversely affect health. We investigated the association between multidimensional precarious employment and perceived and biological stress in the U.S. ⋯ Given the deleterious effects of stress on health, policies to reduce precarious employment warrant consideration.