Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
ReviewInvesting in family-centered early childhood education: A conceptual model for preventing firearm homicide among Black male youth in the United States.
Firearms are now the number one killer of children and adolescents in the United States. Firearm homicides among Black male youth are the driver of this increase. Prevention requires a multi-faceted life course approach. Academic achievement has been identified as a protective factor. Early childhood education, which is linked to later achievement, is thus an intervention area of interest. Conceptualizing the potential links between early childhood education and reduced risk for youth firearm homicide is important for guiding policy advocacy and informing future research. ⋯ Effective interventions to reduce firearm homicides among Black male youth in the United States are needed. Early childhood education shows promise as an intervention. However, to have an impact, this education needs to be accessible and affordable for all, particularly families of color and low income. Societal structures and policies must also better support the positive gains seen through early childhood education to avoid dissipation.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Daily time spent on screens and psychological well-being: Cross-sectional association within the SUN cohort.
The impact of various lifestyles on psychological well-being (PWB) remains under-studied. We aimed to explore the cross-sectional association between daily screen use (television, tablet and mobile phone) and PWB within the SUN cohort. ⋯ These findings highlight the importance of reducing screen use activities and increasing physical exercise for achieving optimal PWB.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Age at first drink and its influence on alcohol use behaviours in young adulthood: Evidence from an Australian household-based panel study.
Public health guidelines recommend delaying the initiation age for alcohol. However, the causal link between age-at-first-drink (AFD) and future alcohol use in young adulthood is uncertain. This study examined the association between AFD and alcohol-related outcomes at age 20 years using an Australian sample. ⋯ Study findings indicate an association between a higher AFD and consuming less alcohol in young adulthood, which could potentially support the scale-up of prevention programs to delay AFD among Australian adolescents.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Rural-urban differences in meeting of physical activity recommendations by sun exposure and protection behaviors in the United States.
To examine associations between sun protection behaviors and physical activity (PA) by rural and urban residence in the United States. ⋯ Meeting PA recommendations was associated with greater sun exposure in both rural and urban populations. Additional exercise location (indoors/outside) data is needed to inform PA and skin cancer prevention interventions to reduce unintended increases in sun exposure and reductions in PA, respectively, especially among rural populations.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair: Age heterogeneity in Canada's working age population.
Although prior literature documented socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair among working age population, it is unclear whether and how (a) the link between socioeconomic status and deaths of despair differs by age (b) each measure of socioeconomic status has independent effects on deaths of despair. This study aims to reduce these knowledge gaps. ⋯ Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair are manifest among Canadian working age population. This study lends support the social and health policies aimed at reducing gaps in mortalities.