Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Neighbourhood walkability and greenspace and their associations with health-related fitness in urban dwelling Canadian adults.
Muscular strength and body composition are important components of health-related fitness (HRF). Grip strength and body fat percent, in particular, are associated with chronic disease and affected by health behaviours. Evidence suggests relationships between the neighbourhood built environment (BE) and HRF exist, however, few studies have focused on grip strength and body fat percent. Therefore, our study aimed to estimate the sex-specific associations between the neighbourhood BE, grip strength, and body fat percent among urban-dwelling Canadian adults. ⋯ Characteristics of the neighbourhood BE appear to be associated with muscular strength and body composition, independent of physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Non-tobacco nicotine E-cigarette use and flavored E-cigarette use among young adults in the United States.
E-cigarette flavors can create sensations of sweetness and coolness while masking the aversiveness of nicotine. Recently, non-tobacco nicotine (NTN) products were introduced to the market, but little is known about flavors in NTN e-cigarette use. We examined associations between flavors (i.e., sweet, mint/menthol) and susceptibility to and use of NTN e-cigarettes. ⋯ The use of sweet and mint/menthol flavors was significantly associated with NTN e-cigarette use among US young adults, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance of flavored NTN e-cigarettes and appropriate regulations to discourage use.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Adherence to a healthy lifestyle including sleep and sedentary behaviors and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in Chinese adults.
Various lifestyle factors including smoking, alcohol, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, sleep behavior, and overweight have been related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); however, their joint impact on risk of MASLD is not well known. We prospectively investigated the association between a combination of lifestyle factors and risk of MASLD. ⋯ Our results indicate that a higher healthy lifestyle score is associated with a lower risk of MASLD.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
An expanded chronic care management approach to multiple chronic conditions in Hispanics using community health workers as community extenders in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas.
The synergistic negative effects of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension increases all-cause mortality and the medical complexity of management, which disproportionately impact Hispanics who face barriers to healthcare access. The Salud y Vida intervention was delivered to Hispanic adults living along the Texas-Mexico Border with comorbid poorly controlled T2DM and hypertension. The Salud y Vida multicomponent intervention incorporated community health workers (CHWs) into an expanded chronic care management model to deliver home-based follow-up visits and provided community-based diabetes self-management education. ⋯ This intervention, tested and delivered in a real-world setting, provides an example of how CHW integration into an expanded chronic care model can improve blood pressure outcomes for individuals with co-morbidities.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Lipid metabolism mediates the association between body mass index change and bone mineral density: The Taizhou imaging study.
Limited research explores the impact of body mass index (BMI) change on osteoporosis, regarding the role of lipid metabolism. We aimed to cross-sectionally investigate these relationships in 820 Chinese participants aged 55-65 from the Taizhou Imaging Study. ⋯ BMI gain among Chinese aged 55-65 is beneficial for reducing the risk of osteoporosis. The metabolism of HDL and VLDL partially mediates the effect of BMI change on bone loss. Our research offers novel insights into the prevention of osteoporosis, approached from the perspective of weight management and lipid metabolomics.