Anticancer research
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Anticancer research · Mar 2015
ReviewTopics in chemotherapy, molecular-targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and it is associated with poor survival. The standard therapy for newly-diagnosed GBM is radiotherapy with concurrent temozolomide following maximal surgical resection. To improve the outcome of these patients, combinations of the standard therapy plus molecular-targeted agents have been tested in clinical trials. ⋯ Phase II data have indicated the potential efficacy of talampanel combined with the standard therapy for patients with newly-diagnosed GBM, and these findings are awaiting validation in phase III trials. In addition, phase II trials have demonstrated that adjuvant immunotherapy is effective and tolerable for treatment of patients with GBM. In this article, we discuss topics in chemotherapy, molecular-targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for patients with newly-diagnosed GBM.
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Anticancer research · Mar 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of anaesthetic technique on immune cell infiltration in breast cancer: a follow-up pilot analysis of a prospective, randomised, investigator-masked study.
Live animal studies using an inoculation model of breast cancer indicate that anaesthetic drugs and techniques differentially affect cancer metastasis, inversely related to Natural Killer (NK) cell and T lymphocyte levels. Clinical histological studies demonstrate that the distribution of these immune cells and macrophages in intra-tumoral cancer tissue can predict prognosis and response to therapy. No study has evaluated whether the anaesthetic technique influences human breast cancer immune cell infiltration. ⋯ PPA induces increased levels of NK and T helper cell infiltration into breast cancer tissue compared with GA but not T suppressor cells or macro phages. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the anaesthetic technique may affect perioperative immune function conducive to resisting breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.
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Anticancer research · Mar 2015
Significance of histopathological evaluation of pancreatic fibrosis to predict postoperative course after pancreatic surgery.
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) play a critical role in pancreatic fibrosis and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value based on the diffusion-weighted image (DWI) from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be a predictor of tissue fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the pancreas texture from both histopathological and radiological viewpoints and to investigate the effect of pancreas texture on occurrence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (PF). ⋯ Histopathological evaluation of pancreas texture correlated negatively with ADC values and is critical to predict the occurrence of PF.