Pharmacotherapy
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of length of hospital stay for patients with known or suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species infections treated with linezolid or vancomycin: a randomized, multicenter trial.
To compare hospital length of stay (LOS), weekly discharges, and days of antibiotic treatment with linezolid (intravenous with oral follow-up) and vancomycin (intravenous only). ⋯ Our results support linezolid's ability to reduce medical resource use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Randomized, multicenter comparison of oral granisetron and oral ondansetron for emetogenic chemotherapy.
To compare the antiemetic effectiveness and safety of oral granisetron plus dexamethasone with those of oral ondansetron plus dexamethasone administered before emetogenic chemotherapy. ⋯ Oral granisetron 1 mg and ondansetron 16 mg plus dexamethasone are safe and effective in preventing nausea and vomiting related to emetogenic chemotherapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Caffeine citrate for the treatment of apnea of prematurity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of caffeine citrate for treatment of apnea of prematurity. ⋯ Caffeine citrate 10 mg/kg caffeine base (equivalent to 20 mg/kg caffeine citrate) intravenously followed by 2.5 mg/kg/day caffeine base (equivalent to 5 mg/kg/day caffeine citrate) either intravenously or orally for 10 days is safe and effective for treating apnea of prematurity in infants 28-32 weeks postconception.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effect of infusing fat emulsion into extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits.
Our objectives were to identify problems associated with the administration of fat emulsion by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuits, and gather information from other institutions on standards of practice and the complications associated with infusion of fat emulsion by ECMO to infants and children. In vitro analysis was performed using six circuits. Fat emulsion was infused into a prereservoir port at 3 ml/hour. ⋯ The most frequently reported problems with administration through the circuit were cracking of stopcocks, clogging and malfunction of the membrane oxygenator, agglutination of the emulsion, and increase in blood clot formation. Our results suggest that fat emulsion should be infused through a separate intravenous site whenever possible. Based on these results and current practices of most ECMO centers, a clinical trial is currently being conducted to provide additional information.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of ketorolac versus morphine by patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain.
To compare ketorolac tromethamine with morphine for pain management after major abdominal surgery. ⋯ Ketorolac may be effective when administered by PCA device, and has a clear morphine-sparing effect.