Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
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Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a key molecule in migraine pathophysiology. Most studies have focused on CGRP in relation to migraine without aura (MO). About one-third of migraine patients have attacks with aura (MA), and this is a systematic review of the current literature on CGRP and MA. ⋯ This systematic review indicates that the role of CGRP in MA is less studied than in MO. Further studies of the importance of CGRP for auras and migraine are needed.
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Headache is one of the most common symptoms after cocaine use. ⋯ Chronic cocaine use frequently seems to worsen or induce headache with migraine or migraine-like characteristics, probably owing to a serotoninergic and dopaminergic system impairment. In headache sufferers, especially those with migraine headaches, clinicians should enquire into possible cocaine use.
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The management of medication-overuse headache (MOH) is often difficult and no specific guidelines are available as regards the most practical and effective approaches. In this study we defined and tested a consensus protocol for the management of MOH on a large population of patients distributed in different countries. ⋯ The present findings support the effectiveness and usability of the proposed consensus protocol in different countries with different health care modalities.