Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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Rapid fluid infusion remains the cornerstone for therapy of hypovolaemic shock. The principal limitations of flow rate are governed by the four variables of Poiseuille's law: tube internal diameter and length, viscosity of the fluid passing through the tube, and the pressure gradient between the two ends of the tube. ⋯ Dry-heat warming devices and microfiltration, to remove microaggregates and prevent non haemolytic febrile transfusion reactions, seem necessary when carrying out rapid transfusions. However, the use of microaggregate filters could be avoided by the routine production of leukocyte-poor red blood cell concentrates.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1990
Comparative Study[Pharmacokinetics of drugs used during the period of cardiac support].
Deep endobronchial instillation of epinephrine (2-5 mg in 5 ml saline, catheter of 50 cm in length), during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in man, results rapidly in efficient blood concentrations, similar to those obtained with i.v. route, but with the additional benefit of a more prolonged effect, due to a slower blood concentration decrease. Despite the large interindividual variations in resulting blood concentrations, also observed with the i.v. route, the endobronchial instillation of lidocaine (5-7 mg.kg-1 in 10 ml saline) results in most cases in blood concentrations located in the therapeutic range. ⋯ This can be of benefit for the prevention of recurrent ventricular fibrillation. This study provides further arguments for a more extensive use of the endobronchial route, especially in out-of-hospital resuscitation.