Investigational new drugs
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Investigational new drugs · Dec 2017
Review Comparative StudyComparison of reporting phase I trial results in ClinicalTrials.gov and matched publications.
Background Data on completeness of reporting of phase I cancer clinical trials in publications are lacking. Methods The ClinicalTrials.gov database was searched for completed adult phase I cancer trials with reported results. PubMed was searched for matching primary publications published prior to November 1, 2016. ⋯ Higher reporting scores were associated with phase I (vs phase I/II) trials (p<0.001), multicenter trials (p<0.001) and publication in journals with lower impact factor (p=0.004). Conclusions Reported results in primary publications for early phase cancer trials are frequently inconsistent or incomplete compared with ClinicalTrials.gov entries. ClinicalTrials.gov may provide more comprehensive data from new cancer drug trials.
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Investigational new drugs · Dec 2017
Review Meta AnalysisTreatment-related serious adverse events and fatal adverse events with regorafenib in cancer patients: a meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials.
Regorafenib (Stivarga) is an oral small-molecule multikinase inhibitor commonly used against a variety of cancers. We performed a meta-analysis of all phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of regorafenib to quantify the increased risk of SAEs and FAEs. We carried out a systematic search of electronic databases for studies published from inception to February 2017 without any restrictions. ⋯ This association varied significantly with cancer types (P=0.02) for SAEs but no evidence of heterogeneity was found for FAEs. This meta-analysis demonstrates no evidence for the association between regorafenib and higher risk of SAEs and FAEs. This analysis will be important when considering the trade-off of regorafenib treatment during clinical decision-making.
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Investigational new drugs · Dec 2017
Human mass balance study and metabolite profiling of 14C-niraparib, a novel poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 and PARP-2 inhibitor, in patients with advanced cancer.
Niraparib is an investigational oral, once daily, selective poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 and PARP-2 inhibitor. In the pivotal Phase 3 NOVA/ENGOT/OV16 study, niraparib met its primary endpoint of improving progression-free survival (PFS) for adult patients with recurrent, platinum sensitive, ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Significant improvements in PFS were seen in all patient cohorts regardless of biomarker status. ⋯ Oral absorption of 14C-niraparib was rapid, with niraparib concentrations peaking at 2.49 h, and reaching a mean maximum concentration of 540 ng/mL. Two major metabolites were found: the known metabolite M1 (amide hydrolysed niraparib) and the glucuronide of M1. Based on this study it was shown that niraparib undergoes hydrolytic, and conjugative metabolic conversions, with the oxidative pathway being minimal.