Patient education and counseling
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This review critically analysed the published research literature on providing information about children's anaesthesia to parents. An extensive search of the biomedical literature yielded 11 studies: 6 descriptive and 5 intervention studies. Standardised instruments for measuring parental knowledge, need for information and anxiety about children's anaesthetic care showed preliminary validity and reliability. ⋯ Parents want detailed information about the specifics of anaesthetic procedures, risks, and personnel roles and this information should be incorporated into the routine pre-surgical anaesthesia assessment clinic visits. Until further research determines the most effective methods, mode of delivery should be based on feasibility so that parents consistently receive more information. Audits of parental satisfaction with information should be performed and used to continuously improve the content and delivery of information.
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The Russian Federation's recently adopted family medicine as a specialty, but with little or no training in psychosocial and behavioral issues, unlike many training programs in other countries. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of Russian primary care physicians regarding the practice of behavioral medicine and psychosocial methods. ⋯ Examination of key words, phrases, and concepts used by the physicians revealed five themes that physicians related to their incorporation of psychosocial/behavioral medicine methods: (1) factors limiting the practice of behavioral medicine (inadequate training; cultural barriers); (2) demand for behavioral medicine services; (3) patient-doctor issues related to behavioral medicine (e.g., communication); (4) physician's role strain; and (5) intuition and experience. These findings suggest that Russia's new family physicians would benefit from residency and post-graduate curricula in behavioral sciences, tailored to their unique needs.