Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
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To determine the effectiveness of Gram staining of tracheal aspirates for predicting causative microorganisms and guiding appropriate initial antibiotic therapy to treat ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in extremely preterm neonates. ⋯ Gram staining of tracheal aspirates is useful in predicting classes of causative microorganisms and for guiding appropriate initial antibiotic therapy for VAP in extremely preterm neonates.