Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
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Comparative Study
Comparison of a closed (Trach Care MAC) with an open endotracheal suction system in small premature infants.
To determine whether ventilated, low birth weight infants treated with closed versus open tracheal suction in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) differ as to airway bacterial colonization, nosocomial pneumonia, bloodstream infection (BSI), incidence and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), neonatal mortality, frequency of suction, reintubation, and nurse preference. ⋯ Closed suction obviates the physiological disadvantage of ventilator disconnection without increasing the rate of bacterial airway colonization, frequency of endotracheal suction and reintubation, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of hospitalization, incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, nosocomial BSI, severity of BPD, and neonatal mortality. Although slightly more expensive, closed suction is perceived by nursing staff to be easier, less time-consuming, and better tolerated by small premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation for > or = 1 week.
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To estimate the impact of early motherhood (being a mother at < 20 years of age) on ethnic differences in the risk of low birth weight (LBW) in a representative sample (n = 9141) of American infants and children. ⋯ The result of this study underscores the risk of LBW due to early motherhood. Because early motherhood is preventable and avoidable, appropriate public health strategies to educate young women on the need to delay childbearing in these ethnic groups, particularly among Hispanics and Blacks, are warranted.
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To determine whether predischarge event recording (PDER) can accurately identify preterm infants with resolving apnea of prematurity (AOP) at risk for postdischarge complications. ⋯ Normal PDER accurately identifies infants at low risk for an adverse outcome.
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A case history of a fatal neonatal infection caused by Salmonella enteritidis group D is reported. The baby deteriorated rapidly at 24 hours after birth with clinical signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen. ⋯ The same organism was found in cultures taken from stool and vaginal swabs from the mother. This clearly confirmed transmission of the infection during delivery.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Ibuprofen use to reduce the incidence and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a pilot study.
To assess the safety and efficacy of ibuprofen in reducing the incidence and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. ⋯ Although a trend toward less ventilator and hospital days in the ibuprofen group was observed in this pilot study, the differences were not statistically significant. The incidence of BPD was similar in both groups. In the study group, two infants developed gastrointestinal complications and a third infant experienced reversible renal failure. The plasma ibuprofen levels were low. Further studies are needed to assess the use of ibuprofen for the prevention and/or treatment of BPD in preterm infants.