Neonatal network : NN
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The five-part "Pointers in Practical Pharmacology" immunomodulation series has presented some of the agents researchers are investigating in hopes of finding the means to effectively prevent and treat infectious processes in neonates. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline appears promising, but large, randomized, clinical trials are still lacking. So far, there is no clear evidence to support the use of G-CSF for either the prevention or the treatment of sepsis. ⋯ The "conditionally essential" amino acid glutamine administered either enterally or parenterally does not make a difference in the rate of systemic infection or NEC in very low birth weight infants. Finally, probiotics appear promising as documented by at least two of the three randomized, clinical trials described here. As the search continues for agents to enhance the neonate's immune system and prevent and treat infectious diseases, remember that our best prevention tool is excellent and consistent hand hygiene.