The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCefepime versus ceftazidime as empiric monotherapy for fever and neutropenia in children with cancer.
Monotherapy with cefepime or ceftazidime is an effective alternative to combination therapy for the treatment of febrile neutropenic adult cancer patients. We compared the efficacy and safety of cefepime and ceftazidime as empiric monotherapy of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer. ⋯ Cefepime appeared to be as effective and safe as ceftazidime for empiric treatment of febrile episodes in neutropenic pediatric cancer patients.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Mar 2002
Clinical TrialVoriconazole in the treatment of aspergillosis, scedosporiosis and other invasive fungal infections in children.
To describe the safety and efficacy of voriconazole in children treated within the compassionate release program. ⋯ These data support the use of voriconazole for treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatric patients who are intolerant of or refractory to conventional antifungal therapy.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Feb 2002
Clinical TrialTreatment of childhood tuberculosis with a six month directly observed regimen of only two weeks of daily therapy.
Recommended treatment of childhood tuberculosis is 6 months in duration with at least 3 drugs. We studied a regimen requiring as few as 58 doses, given entirely by directly observed therapy (DOT), under program conditions. ⋯ This regimen had results comparable with those of 6-month regimens with longer durations of daily therapy. Determining treatment response in pediatric tuberculosis is difficult because of the slow resolution of chest radiograph abnormalities. DOT is an important aspect of treatment but does not solve all problems with treatment adherence.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jan 2002
Plasma concentrations of defensins and lactoferrin in children with severe sepsis.
We hypothesized that systemic release of endogenous leukocyte-derived polypeptide antimicrobial defensins (polymorphonuclear leukocyte-specific) and lactoferrin (polymorphonuclear leukocyte and epithelial cell derived) occurs in nonneutropenic children with severe sepsis. ⋯ These data suggest that increased circulating defensins and lactoferrin release are dependent in part on neutrophil count and might play a role in host defense in children with severe sepsis.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jan 2002
Case ReportsOchrobactrum anthropi bacteremia in pediatric oncology patients.
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised hosts, particularly in patients with indwelling catheters. We report the characteristics of 14 O. anthropi bacteremic episodes in 11 children with Hickman-type central catheters. Children presented with fever and nonspecific clinical manifestations. Bacteremia was successfully treated with antibiotics, but catheter removal was necessary to achieve cure in four cases.