Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine
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Much was learned about the diagnosis, management, and pathogenesis of influenza from the 2009 pandemic of influenza A (H1N1). This knowledge can be applied to the management of people affected by seasonal infection and to future pandemics.
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Hyponatremia, in its most severe form, requires urgent infusion of hypertonic saline to correct cerebral edema. However, overly rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia can cause osmotic demyelination syndrome. The authors review the treatment of hyponatremia in order to provide clinicians with a sound approach in a variety of settings in which severity, symptoms, and underlying disease states influence therapy. Also discussed is the current role of vasopressin antagonists in treatment.
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When prescribing glucocorticoids for long-term treatment, physicians should take steps to prevent osteoporosis, a common and serious side effect of these drugs.