Acta radiologica
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Background Although several studies have been reported on evaluating the performance of Gaussian and different non-Gaussian diffusion models on prostate cancer, few studies have been reported on the comparison of different models on differential diagnosis for prostate cancer. Purpose To compare the utility of various metrics derived from monoexponential model (MEM), biexponential model (BEM), stretched-exponential model (SEM) based diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer. Material and Methods Thirty-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. ⋯ DKI was superior to MEM in the discrimination of prostate cancer. Conclusions Parameters derived from both Gaussian and non-Gaussian models could characterize prostate cancer. DKI may be advantageous than DWI for detection of prostate cancer.
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Background It is difficult to distinguish between invasive pituitary adenomas (IPAs) and skull base chordomas based on tumor location and clinical manifestations. Purpose To investigate the value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T2-weighted (T2W) imaging, and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) in differentiating skull base chordomas and IPAs. Material and Methods Data for 21 patients with skull base chordomas and 27 patients with IPAs involving the paranasal sinus were retrospectively reviewed, and all diagnoses were pathologically confirmed. ⋯ Results When comparing IPAs and chordomas, there were significant differences in mean ADC, normal ADC, rT2W imaging values, TIC, EP, and MCER ( P < 0.01). The areas under curves in the ROC analyses for normal ADC, mean ADC, T2W imaging, rT2W imaging, TIC, EP, and MCER were 1.0, 0.996, 1.0, 0.81, 0.987, and 0.987, respectively. Conclusion ADC, T2W imaging SI, and DCE-related parameters can contribute to the differential diagnosis of skull base chordomas and IPAs.
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Background Wilson's disease (WD) is a copper metabolism disorder that causes hepatolenticular degeneration. It is important to diagnose WD before central nervous system involvement. Purpose To demonstrate the early susceptibility changes associated with the copper accumulation in the brain of neurologically asymptomatic pediatric patients with WD using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). ⋯ However increased magnetic susceptibility in the thalamus, pons and left posterior putamen were observed in the patients compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). Conclusion We observed statistically increased susceptibility values in the brains of neurologically asymptomatic patients with WD although the conventional MR images were normal. This might be compatible with early brain impairment, before neurological symptoms occur.