Lung cancer : journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Histopathological evaluation of fluorescence bronchoscopy using resected lungs in cases of lung cancer.
Objective evaluation of the performance of autofluorescence bronchoscopy based on analysis of thin sections of the bronchus of resected lungs was performed and compared with the results of preoperative autofluorescence bronchoscopy. Conventional bronchoscopy and autofluorescence bronchoscopy were performed prior to surgery for lung cancer. Thin sections of the bronchus were obtained from the resected specimens. ⋯ The specificity of white light and autofluorescence was 88 and 84%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of autofluorescence bronchoscopy was objectively confirmed. Autofluorescence examination showed better sensitivity for cancerous/precancerous lesions and the evaluation of the extent of cancer invasion was accurate.
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Clinical Trial
Three irradiation treatment options including radiosurgery for brain metastases from primary lung cancer.
To determine local control and survival rates in 92 patients with 145 brain metastases treated with three options of radiotherapy including stereotactic radiosurgery (SR). ⋯ Local control and survival rates are acceptable for a palliative treatment for the three option of treatment. In this series, the number of patients is not enough great to conclude to the necessity of the association of WBRT to SR. Re-irradiation is a safe treatment after new metastases appeared in previously irradiated area.
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Cigarette smoking is the dominant risk factor for lung cancer, but only a minority of smokers ever develops tumors. Though genetic susceptibility is likely to explain some of the variability in risk, results from previous studies of genetic polymorphisms have been inconclusive. As diet may also affect the risk of lung cancer, it is possible that the degree of risk produced by smoking and genetic susceptibility varies, depending on diet. ⋯ Among smokers with an unhealthy dietary patterns, persons with a His/His genotype in the exon 3 polymorphism of EPHX1 were at significantly lower risk that persons who were not homozygous. These data suggest that dietary factors may affect the risk imposed by genetic susceptibility at detoxification loci. Adjustments using dietary pattern may be useful in elucidating the effects of polymorphisms in genes responsible for carcinogen metabolism.
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Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly chemosensitive but up to 70% of patients with limited disease and more than 90% of patients with extensive disease will relapse after first-line treatment. There are several standard chemotherapy regimens used for second-line treatment yet the prognosis for patients requiring this treatment remains poor. ⋯ Brain metastases are common in SCLC. Topotecan crosses the blood-brain barrier and shows promise for the management of brain metastases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomized trial of postoperative UFT therapy in p stage I, II non-small cell lung cancer: North-east Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery.
A prospective randomized trial was performed to investigate the prognostic advantage of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resected stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ The UFT regimen was feasible. However, we have not observed any survival benefit in the adjuvant group. Larger trials are needed to confirm the effect of UFT to patients with resected NSCLC.