Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Growth pattern of infants fed with a mixture of extruded malted maize and cowpea.
Breast milk alone is insufficient to support normal growth during the second half of infancy, so I investigated supplementary feeding for infants' successful transition to solid food. ⋯ Based on similarities in socioeconomic background and weight at birth and 4 mo in the L(1)A(1) and L(2)N infants, the better nutrition status of the L(1)A(1) is attributed to the formulated complementary diet. The contribution of this mixture to total nutrient intake seemed substantial enough to meet the infants' nutritional requirements. The use of a cheaply available plant protein will go a long way in reducing protein-energy malnutrition among children in developing countries. However, because of the low purchasing power of the low-income family, the costs of this product should be studied.
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We evaluated the effect of intensive insulin therapy and glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes on biochemical markers of vitamin A and E. ⋯ Patients with type 1 diabetes under intensive insulin therapy tend to normalize the clinical parameters of glycemic control, although this improvement does not significantly affect biochemical markers of vitamin A and E status.
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Weight loss and muscle wasting adversely affect morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Maintenance systemic glucocorticosteroids, prescribed in a substantial number of patients, further contribute to muscle weakness. We investigated the efficacy of oral nutritional supplementation therapy in depleted patients with COPD. ⋯ Nutritional supplementation therapy implemented in a pulmonary rehabilitation program was effective in depleted patients with COPD. However, oral glucocorticosteroid treatment attenuated the anabolic response to nutritional supplementation.
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We investigated the value of resting energy expenditure (REE) in healthy neonates and evaluated the impact factors on REE. ⋯ The value from the predicted equation is not suitable for neonatal energy supplementation in clinical practice. The normal REE value for healthy neonates with birth weights of 2500 to 4000 g is 48.3 +/- 6.1 kcal x kg(-1) x d(-1).