Nutrition
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This study aimed to estimate the dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous rural children and identify the main foods contributing to their GI and GL. ⋯ The quality of carbohydrates in the diets of the participants was low, with poorer dietary items contributing most of the GI and GL. Substituting white breads with low/lower GI alternatives may be a useful strategy.
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Quality of life (QoL) is impaired in obesity, but the roles of eating behavior and psychological distress need to be more documented. ⋯ The impairment of QoL in obese patients is increased by the presence of an ED, anxiety, and/or depression and marked body shape concern. These psychological factors should be assessed more carefully and taken into account in global strategies aiming to improve the well-being of obese patients.
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Comparative proteomic analysis of human whole saliva of children with protein-energy undernutrition.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein profile of children with different levels of protein-energy undernutrition (PEU) through a proteomic approach of human whole saliva. ⋯ The protein profile in saliva varies according to the presence or absence of PEU, and these variations are specifically expressed in different grades of undernutrition. Thus, saliva may be an important diagnostic tool for the assessment of PEU.
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To evaluate the association between suboptimal breast-feeding practices and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ⋯ The study indicates that increased ASD risk is generally associated with suboptimal breast-feeding practices.
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Comparative Study
S-Carboxyethylcysteine (a constituent of Acacia seed) negatively affects casein protein utilization by rats.
Two rat bioassay experiments are reported. The first investigated the first limiting amino acid in Acacia colei and the second experiment investigated the effect of S-carboxyethylcysteine (CEC; a compound present in acacia seed) on protein use. ⋯ The results indicated that methionine is the first limiting amino acid in A. colei and that CEC could affect the seed's protein use. Acacia colei seed can be used effectively as famine food only if it is complemented with other cereals known to be rich in sulfur amino acids.