Nutrition
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Structural and process indicators of nutritional care: a comparison between Austrian hospitals and nursing homes.
The aim of this study was to describe and compare structural and process indicators of nutritional care in Austrian hospitals and nursing homes. ⋯ The study demonstrated that nursing homes fulfilled more structural indicators and performed nutritional screening at admission more often than hospitals. Nevertheless, the prevalence of malnutrition was high in the two settings and a substantial number of malnourished patients/residents received no nutritional intervention at all. These results show the necessity for improvements in the nutritional care in Austria, for instance, through the routine use of nutritional screening tools followed by tailored nutritional interventions in patients/residents in need.
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To investigate the association of the intakes of ω-3 (including α-linolenic acid [ALA], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] plus docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the interaction, and the ratio of these PUFAs with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. ⋯ The ALA intake was inversely associated with the MetS, irrespective of the background intake of ω-6 PUFAs, in adults.
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The main purpose of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of the bioelectrical phase angle (PA) in patients with heart failure independently of other parameters of a poor prognosis. ⋯ In this study population, a smaller PA was associated with malnutrition markers such as decreased body mass index, handgrip strength, and hemoglobin values and with a poor New York Heart Association functional class and renal failure. Adjusting for age, hemoglobin levels, and diabetes, a PA <4.2 was found to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in chronic heart failure.
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It remains unsettled whether dietary patterns play a role in insulin resistance. We assessed the association of major dietary patterns with C-peptide concentrations in a Japanese working population. ⋯ The Westernized breakfast pattern may be associated with a lower insulin resistance in Japanese women.
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We investigated factors leading to a reduction in enteral nutrition (EN) prescribed by a nutritional support team (NST) at a general hospital in Brazil. ⋯ Major reasons for inadequate EN intake are (in decreasing order) operational logistical problems, gastric stasis, accidental loss of enteral feeding tube, and interference by an external physician (not an NST member). Cardiologic patients and ICU patients are at a higher risk for inadequacy than neurologic patients.