Nutrition
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Increased plasma availability of L-arginine in the postprandial period decreases the postprandial lipemia in older adults.
Older adults have exaggerated postprandial lipemia, which increases their risk for cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the effects of increased plasma L-arginine (L-ARG) availability on the oxidation of ingested fat (enriched with [1,1,1-(13)C]-triolein) and plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations during the postprandial period in older subjects. ⋯ Increasing the plasma L-ARG availability during the postprandial period decreases the postprandial lipemia in older adults, in association with a decrease in the postprandial contribution of ingested lipids into TGs of the plasma small TG-rich lipoproteins.
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Review Meta Analysis
Soy isoflavone supplementation could reduce body weight and improve glucose metabolism in non-Asian postmenopausal women--a meta-analysis.
The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis to confirm the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on body weight, fasting glucose, and insulin level in non-Asian postmenopausal women. ⋯ This meta-analysis showed soy isoflavone supplementation could be beneficial for body weight reduction, glucose, and insulin control in plasma. Large and well-designed studies are recommended to confirm this conclusion.
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Malnutrition continues to be under-recognized and undertreated in the hospitalized setting. Although no "gold standard" for the diagnosis of malnutrition exists, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is a commonly used malnutrition assessment tool. The study aim was to explore the reporting of inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the SGA when used as a nutritional assessment tool in the published literature. ⋯ The IRR is rarely reported in the published literature and has not yet been reported across experience levels.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Beneficial effects of aged garlic extract and coenzyme Q10 on vascular elasticity and endothelial function: the FAITH randomized clinical trial.
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is associated with a significant decrease in atherosclerotic plaque progression and endothelial function improvement. Similarly, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has significant beneficial effects on endothelial function. A stressful lifestyle is a well-known risk factor for the presence and progression of atherosclerosis. This study investigated the effect of AGE plus CoQ10 on vascular elasticity measured by pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and endothelial function measured by digital thermal monitoring (DTM) in firefighters. ⋯ The combination of AGE and CoQ10 was independently associated with significant beneficial effects on vascular elasticity and endothelial function in firefighters with high occupational stress, highlighting the important role of AGE and CoQ10 in atherosclerotic prevention of such individuals.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Lipid effects of a dietary supplement softgel capsule containing plant sterols/stanols in primary hypercholesterolemia.
This randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed the lipid-altering efficacy of a softgel capsule dietary supplement, providing esterified plant sterols/stanols 1.8 g/d, in 28 participants (≈ 75% women) with primary hypercholesterolemia (fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] levels ≥ 130 and <220 mg/dL), a mean age of 58.4 y, and a mean body mass index of 27.9 kg/m(2). ⋯ The incorporation of softgel capsules providing esterified plant sterols/stanols 1.8 g/d into the NCEP TLC diet produced favorable changes in atherogenic lipoprotein cholesterol levels in these subjects with hypercholesterolemia.