Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects of a moderate protein diet (MPD) on renal function, low-grade inflammation, and oxidative stress in older adults with type 2 diabetes, which to date are unclear. ⋯ In older adults with type 2 diabetes, long-term effects of an MPD regimen are associated with a significant decline of renal function, proteinuria, low-grade inflammation, and oxidative stress without a change in fat-free mass.
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The aim of this study was to explore the heterogeneous association of consumption of food away from home (FAFH) with individual body mass outcomes including body mass index and waist circumference over the entire conditional distribution of each outcome. ⋯ Further public health efforts are needed to improve the nutritional quality of affordable FAFH choices and nutrition education and to establish a healthy food consumption environment.
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Whey protein (WP) has been reported to reduce body weight gain and improve glucose metabolism in obese individuals. This study aims to assess and compare the effects of WP and its hydrolysate-leucine (Leu) supplementation in non-obese, insulin-resistant (IR) rat models, particularly the effects on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and antioxidant activity. ⋯ Our findings demonstrate that the supplementation of WP and Leu may improve IR and antioxidant stress without resulting in changes in body weight and energy intake in non-obese IR rats.
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Rosiglitazone improves insulin sensitivity and promotes weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which could be useful in wasting and cachexia. However, its effects on cardiac function are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on body wasting, body composition, cardiac function, and survival in a rat model of cancer cachexia. ⋯ Rosiglitazone prevents weight loss and improves survival in a rat model of cancer cachexia. It exerts beneficial effects on cardiac function.