Nutrition
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Meta Analysis
Alcohol consumption and risk of coronary artery disease: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
To investigate and quantify the potential dose-response association between alcohol consumption and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ Alcohol consumption in moderation is associated with a reduced risk of CAD with 36 grams/d of alcohol conferring a lower risk than other levels.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of açai pulp (Euterpe oleracea Martius) intake on the prevention of oxidative damage by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of protein oxidation in women. ⋯ These results show the antioxidant benefit of dietary açai for the healthy women included in the present study, and may increase understanding of the beneficial health properties of this fruit.
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To investigate the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the usual intake of fatty acids and indices of dietary fat quality [the atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity indices (TI), and the ratios of hypo-and hypercholesterolemic (hH), ∑n-3/∑n-6, and polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids (P:S)], during mid-pregnancy. ⋯ The quality of dietary fat during pregnancy is strongly associated with GDM. Randomized clinical trial are needed to confirm these findings.
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Multicenter Study
Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on nutritional and immunologic status in HIV-infected children in the low-income country of Ethiopia.
HIV/AIDS and malnutrition combine to undermine the immunity of individuals and are inextricably interrelated. Although the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on growth in HIV-infected children is well known, the influence of prior nutritional and immunologic status on the response to HAART is not well documented. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of HAART on nutritional and immunological status in HIV-infected children in the low-income country of Ethiopia. ⋯ Despite the apparent growth response in HIV-infected children after initiation of HAART, moderate and severe underweight are both independent predictors of a positive shift. The latter suggests that children on HAART require nutritional supplementation, especially during the early initiation of HAART.