Nutrition
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In humans, the effects of lysine-fortified wheat on growth measures was much lower than that of animal experimentations that used phosphorus-containing mineral mix. It is known that wheat contains a limited amount of available phosphorus, which is believed to support growth. The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of phosphorus in growth measures of rats maintained on a lysine-supplemented wheat gluten diet. ⋯ When using gluten protein, concomitant lysine and phosphorus availability is required to support growth measures, although phosphorus seems to have an independent effect on protein metabolism. Thus, human interventions should consider the improvement of the amino acid profile and phosphorus availability.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of dietary carbohydrates with fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. ⋯ Dietary intake of total sugars, sucrose, glucose, and lactose in obese participants only was inversely and dietary fructose was positively associated with FTO gene expression from the subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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It has been suggested that probiotics have beneficial effects on a variety of health problems including immunologic diseases and metabolic disorders, however, the effects on brain function are yet to be fully studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between probiotic food consumption and depression status through a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide, large population-based data. ⋯ These results suggest that probiotic food consumption might have beneficial effects on depression, particularly in men. Further studies are required to identify the mechanistic relations between probiotics and depression.
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Observational Study
Association of intestinal permeability with a NUTRIC score in critically ill patients.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of intestinal permeability with the Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (NUTRIC) score and the modified NUTRIC score (mNUTRIC) in intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalized patients. ⋯ Results from the present study provided evidence that higher plasma endotoxin and zonulin levels are associated with a progressively higher NUTRIC score in critically ill patients.
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To our knowledge, only a few studies have explored the relationship between the inflammatory potential of diet and serum inflammatory markers in Korean adults. The likely novel aim of this study was to examine the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in a Korean adult population. ⋯ Higher DII scores were positively associated with elevated hs-CRP levels in Korean adults. Because inflammation affects the risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other inflammation-related conditions, future studies are warranted to examine the effect of the DII on other inflammatory biomarkers and chronic disease outcomes among the Korean population.