Nutrition
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Serum albumin (sAlb) may be a strong predictor of longevity in the general population and in chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sAlb concentrations and mortality risk independent of kidney function. ⋯ Among a nationally representative U.S. cohort, a graded association was observed between lower sAlb concentrations and higher death risk, which was robust across varying levels of kidney function.
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Clinical Trial Observational Study
Cohort study to evaluate effect of vitamin D, magnesium, and vitamin B12 in combination on severe outcome progression in older patients with coronavirus (COVID-19).
The aim of this study was to determine clinical outcomes of older patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) who received a combination of vitamin D, magnesium, and vitamin B12 (DMB) compared with those who did not. We hypothesized that fewer patients administered this combination would require oxygen therapy, intensive care support, or a combination of both than those who did not. ⋯ A vitamin D / magnesium / vitamin B12 combination in older COVID-19 patients was associated with a significant reduction in the proportion of patients with clinical deterioration requiring oxygen support, intensive care support, or both. This study supports further larger randomized controlled trials to ascertain the full benefit of this combination in ameliorating the severity of COVID-19.
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Little is known about the interactions between hyperhomocysteinemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals at risk for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of atherosclerosis in patients with MetS and hyperhomocysteinemia. ⋯ Patients with MetS and smoking or hyperhomocysteinemia are at particularly high cardiovascular risk. Targeted atherosclerosis prevention should include identification and treatment of MetS, smoking, and hyperhomocysteinemia (including that due to unrecognized metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency).
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The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been related to reduced overall mortality and improved disease outcome. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of the MedDiet on hospital length of stay (LOS), financial cost, and mortality (from hospitalization up to 24 mo afterward) in hospitalized patients >65 y of age. ⋯ Adoption of the MedDiet decreases duration of admission and long-term mortality in hospitalized patients >65 y of age, with parallel reduction of relevant financial costs.
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Objective nutritional indexes have been shown to predict prognosis in some clinical settings. We aimed to explore the predictive values of these indexes in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). ⋯ Objective nutritional indexes were independently associated with all-cause mortality and CVD events in patients undergoing PD. Moreover, assessments of the CONUT score and PNI may provide more useful predictive values than GNRI.