Nutrition
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Malnutrition in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) can develop rapidly without appropriate nutritional support and affect morbidity and mortality. Guidance to monitor and manage nutrition status is described within the literature; however, whether this is applied in clinical practice is unclear. ⋯ Guideline dissemination and raising awareness through educational campaigns are suggested approaches to improve health care professionals' knowledge and sensitivity to this important topic.
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The aim of this study was to identify which anthropometric measurement (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], or waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) is a better predictor of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in the Chilean population. ⋯ WHtR was a better predictor of hypertension and diabetes than BMI and WC in Chile. The definition of cutoff points specific for the Chilean population could be implemented in future screening programs aiming to identify high-risk individuals.
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Intake of dietary fatty acid may play a major role in the prevention and management of lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to find an association between ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratio and T2DM. ⋯ From the study results, it is evident that ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratios can serve as essential predictive biomarkers in the management of patients with T2DM. This would not only help in management but would also aid in prevention of increased T2DM incidence in India. These results potentiate the need to maintain an ideal balance of ω-6 to ω-3, as prevention is always better than cure.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine abnormality in reproductive-aged women. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance between major dietary patterns and PCOS. ⋯ The results indicated that the high-GI (high-fat) dietary pattern had an incremental effect on the odds of PCOS. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory dietary pattern had a reduction effect on the risk for PCOS. It's worth noting that more prospective studies are required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative process that affects the motor function and involves an inflammatory response and B vitamin deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of B-group vitamin-producing and immunomodulatory lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in a murine model of PD. ⋯ The results showed the potential of a selected LAB mixture to improve motor behavior and neuroinflammation in PD. This probiotic mixture could be used as an adjunct treatment in the control of PD.