Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to examine the quantitative features of intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps and their association with gait independence in older inpatients. ⋯ The results from the present study suggested that intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps of older inpatients was increased to ~1.7 times that of healthy older individuals matched for demographic characteristics. More intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps was observed among older inpatients who were unable to walk independently compared with older inpatients who were able to walk independently.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent association of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score with overweight and obesity in Brazilian participants of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project). ⋯ The most proinflammatory dietary pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity and other unhealthy lifestyles including being sedentary, smoking, and consuming a obesogenic diet.
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Muscle net catabolism, as seen after severe trauma or sepsis or in postoperative situations, is mediated by hormones (e.g., cortisol) and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Specific amino acids may be able to limit this muscle mass loss. Citrulline (CIT) stimulates muscle protein synthesis in various situations, but little data exist on hypercatabolic situations and the effects on protein breakdown are unknown. Our aim was to assess the effect of CIT on protein turnover in an in vitro model of muscle hypercatabolism. ⋯ CIT treatment regulated muscle protein turnover in an in vitro model of muscle net catabolism. Exploring the underlying mechanisms would also be of interest.