Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to examine the quantitative features of intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps and their association with gait independence in older inpatients. ⋯ The results from the present study suggested that intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps of older inpatients was increased to ~1.7 times that of healthy older individuals matched for demographic characteristics. More intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps was observed among older inpatients who were unable to walk independently compared with older inpatients who were able to walk independently.
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Previous studies have demonstrated that nutritional status is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Meanwhile, subclinical inflammation is associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. To our knowledge, however, no study has investigated the intermediary effect of inflammation on the association between dietary pattern and NAFLD. Thus, the aim of this case-control study was to explore the intermediary effect of inflammation on the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD. ⋯ The present data suggested that inflammation may mediate the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD.
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Case Reports
Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on muscle cramps induced by stroke: A case report.
l-carnitine, a compound responsible for transportation of acyl groups across cell membranes and modulating intracellular acyl-coenzyme A levels, is reported to reduce muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes and those on dialysis. A 79-y-old man with right-sided paralysis was admitted to our hospital and diagnosed with cerebral infarction. Nocturnal leg cramps appeared in the affected side and caused sleep disturbance. ⋯ Patients with stroke-induced paralysis experience muscle wasting, which might reduce pooled carnitine in the affected side. This case suggests that stroke may cause localized carnitine deficiency, and l-carnitine supplementation might be effective for muscle cramps induced by stroke. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of l-carnitine supplementation for muscle cramps triggered by cerebral infarction.
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Tooth loss, closely associated with malnutrition, increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the link between tooth loss, nutritional status, and stroke outcomes. ⋯ Nutritional status was associated with tooth loss among patients with acute ischemic stroke. Severe tooth loss and a higher CONUT score were independently associated with poor stroke outcomes.
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver morbidity. This condition often is accompanied by obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between lifestyle factors and NAFLD in individuals with MetS. ⋯ Physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and consumption of legumes were inversely associated with a non-invasive marker of NAFLD in individuals with MetS. This data can be useful in implementing precision strategies aimed at the prevention, monitoring, and management of NAFLD.