Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Adequacy and safety of α-lactalbumin-enriched low-protein infant formula: A randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to demonstrate suitability and safety of an infant formula enriched with α-lactalbumin with a reduced protein content of 1.89 g protein/100 kcal. ⋯ α-lactalbumin-enriched formula with a protein content of 1.89 g protein/100 kcal is safe and supports adequate growth.
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Diabetes mellitus is a major global public health issue. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that skeletal muscle quality and quantity by computed tomography (CT) is related to glucose metabolism. However, to our knowledge, no longitudinal study has yet to elucidate the association between muscle quality determined by CT and glucose metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between muscle quality and glucose metabolism. ⋯ Both LAM index and total SMD were associated with a higher risk for incident diabetes mellitus, whereas NAM index and total SMI were not.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nighttime energy intake on daily energy and macronutrient distribution and weight gain during pregnancy. ⋯ Pregnant women with a higher energy intake at night had a lower percentage of energy, protein, and lipid intake in morning meals and a higher percentage of energy and macronutrient intake in the evening meals during pregnancy. A worse standard of gestational weight gain in the third trimester was also observed in pregnant women with a higher energy intake at night.
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A very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been associated with a significant reduction in visceral adipose tissue and ketone bodies that likely possess antiinflammatory properties. We evaluated the efficacy of an aggressive weight-loss (WL) program with a ketogenic induction phase as first-line treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. ⋯ In drug-naïve adult overweight patients with stable chronic plaque psoriasis, an aggressive dietary WL program consisting of a VLCKD, followed by a balanced, hypocaloric, Mediterranean-like diet, appeared to be an effective first-line strategy to reduce disease severity.
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Beginning in December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a pneumonia epidemic that began in Wuhan, China, and is rapidly spreading throughout the whole world. Italy is the hardest hit country after China. Considering the deleterious consequences of malnutrition, which certainly can affect patients with COVID-19, the aim of this article is to present a pragmatic protocol for early nutritional supplementation of non-critically ill patients hospitalized for COVID-19 disease. It is based on the observation that most patients present at admission with severe inflammation and anorexia leading to a drastic reduction of food intake, and that a substantial percentage develops respiratory failure requiring non-invasive ventilation or even continuous positive airway pressure. ⋯ We are aware that our straight approach may be debatable. However, to cope with the current emergency crisis, its aim is to promptly and pragmatically implement nutritional care in patients with COVID-19, which might be overlooked despite being potentially beneficial to clinical outcomes and effective in preventing the consequences of malnutrition in this patient population.