Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of intermittent fasting and energy-restricted diets on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and energy-restricted diets (ERD) compared with control groups. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effects of controlled clinical trials examining the influence of IF and ERD on lipid profiles. ⋯ Relative to a non-diet control, IF and ERD are effective for the improvement of circulating TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations, but have no meaningful effects on HDL-C concentration. These effects are influenced by several factors that may inform clinical practice and future research. The present results suggest that these dietary practices are a means of enhancing the lipid profile in humans.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Acute effects of time-restricted feeding in low-income women with obesity placed on hypoenergetic diets: Randomized trial.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of time-restricted feeding in obese women living in social vulnerability who were placed on diets with the same energy deficit. ⋯ Time-restricted feeding may be considered an alternative strategy for treating obesity in socially vulnerable women.
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Clinically accessible body composition assessment is required to identify fat-free mass (FFM) depletion, which is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and poorly correlated with body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to compare FFM assessed using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in adult outpatients with IBD. ⋯ Unadjusted BIS overestimated FFM in IBD outpatients compared with DXA with poor agreement at an individual level. Adjusting for BMI ameliorated the overestimation. It is suggested for the estimation of FFM in outpatients with IBD that MFBIA or the Moissl algorithm with BIS be used if DXA is unavailable.
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Recommended perioperative nutritional interventions may contribute to satisfactory surgical outcomes. Each moment in the course of a surgical pathologic condition may be a window of opportunity for an intervention with a positive impact on postoperative recovery. Based on the idea of accelerating postoperative recovery, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention with preoperative fasting abbreviation (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery recommendations) on the metabolism of patients undergoing gynecologic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Preoperative fasting abbreviation with liquid containing carbohydrate and protein before gynecologic surgeries may provide metabolic stability with lower variation in insulin resistance than inert solution.