Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to develop genetic scores based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to lipid metabolism and evaluate whether they used to estimate disturbances in the circulating lipid profile biomarkers of adolescents. ⋯ The calculated genetic scores could be used to estimate disturbances in circulating lipid profile biomarkers of adolescents and be applied in clinical practice to better target interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease risk throughout life.
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Malnutrition is a frequent comorbidity in people with cancer, associated with poor tolerance of anticancer treatments, prognosis, and quality of life. Despite the abundance of scientific literature supporting this evidence and the availability of international guidelines for managing nutritional care in people with cancer, attitudes about this issue still vary considerably among oncologists, to the point that many patients who are malnourished do not receive adequate nutritional support. ⋯ In 2019, the Italian Society of Oncological Surgery and the Technical Scientific Association of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics joined the working group. In this article, we present the updated initiatives and the perspectives of this intersociety project.
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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its prognostic impact on patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Although hypovitaminosis D appears to be highly prevalent in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its impact on their prognosis remains unclear. ⋯ Regardless of the potential usefulness of Vit-D measurement to guide appropriate supplementation, Vit-D does not appear to provide helpful information for the stratification of in-hospital prognosis in patients with COVID-19.
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Observational Study
Association of phase angle with hospital-acquired functional decline in older patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
The aim of this study was to examine whether preoperative phase angle (PhA) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis was associated with a hospital-acquired functional decline in older patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. ⋯ PhA was associated with hospital-acquired functional decline in older patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. PhA is likely to be a comprehensive indicator of physical health that indicates nutritional status, physical function, and geriatric syndrome (frailty/sarcopenia), and is an important predictor of hospital-acquired functional decline in this group of older patients.
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Musculoskeletal fitness and body composition are major components of health-related physical fitness that are expected to be linked to each other. The aim of this study was to explore the association of musculoskeletal fitness (expressed as hand grip strength [HGS]) and raw bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) variables and other predictors in the second and third decades of life. ⋯ This study provides some insight into the use of raw BIA variables and HGS in the first decades of life, suggesting a new approach for a reliable assessment of muscle quality in terms of both muscle structure and strength.