Nutrition
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We sought to develop and evaluate the relative validity of a dietary diversity questionnaire (DDQ) that reflects food-group diversity, food variety, and micronutrient adequacy among New Zealand women. ⋯ The DDQ is a quick, low-burden tool for describing nutritious and discretionary dietary diversity reflecting micronutrient adequacy in high-income settings. It requires further validation across different time frames, population groups, and settings.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the association between measures of body composition based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and histologic severity of liver disease in a pediatric cohort with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ⋯ There is an inverse association between BIA-based measures of muscle mass and severity of hepatic steatosis in children with NAFLD. BIA data could further inform clinical decision making in this context.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the serum levels of prealbumin and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ⋯ Low prealbumin levels were associated with an increased risk for sarcopenia in older men with T2DM.
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Muscle is crucial for blood glucose regulation. There is a need to prevent and treat sarcopenia in diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate the association of nutritional counseling with the development of sarcopenia for people with DM. ⋯ People with type 2 DM have a high risk of sarcopenia. Increased nutrition counseling in outpatients was associated with less sarcopenia. Education about sarcopenia-associated risk factors should be encouraged early in the onset of DM.
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Nutritional status significantly influences postoperative prognosis in gastrointestinal cancers. It has been evaluated using sarcopenia before treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy, despite constant changes in nutritional status. We consider that nutritional status at cancer recurrence is one of the important factors that affect treatment choice and intensity. This study evaluated the prognostic effects of improved postoperative nutritional status for people with colorectal cancer recurrence. ⋯ Among participants with preoperative sarcopenia, the prognosis at the time of recurrence improved for the sarcopenia-improvement group compared to the sarcopenia-continuation group. In people with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia, nutritional management is important not only before but also after surgery.