Nutrition
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This study evaluates the association of serum retinol, hepcidin levels, and anemia in children. ⋯ The association between serum retinol and hepcidin levels in children ages 6 to 59 mo seems to be dependent on inflammation. Taken together, the results reinforce the need for the development of further studies to better understand the relationship between vitamin A and anemia of inflammation.
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Nutritional status significantly influences postoperative prognosis in gastrointestinal cancers. It has been evaluated using sarcopenia before treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy, despite constant changes in nutritional status. We consider that nutritional status at cancer recurrence is one of the important factors that affect treatment choice and intensity. This study evaluated the prognostic effects of improved postoperative nutritional status for people with colorectal cancer recurrence. ⋯ Among participants with preoperative sarcopenia, the prognosis at the time of recurrence improved for the sarcopenia-improvement group compared to the sarcopenia-continuation group. In people with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia, nutritional management is important not only before but also after surgery.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the association between measures of body composition based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and histologic severity of liver disease in a pediatric cohort with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ⋯ There is an inverse association between BIA-based measures of muscle mass and severity of hepatic steatosis in children with NAFLD. BIA data could further inform clinical decision making in this context.
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We aimed to investigate the effect of iron deficiency on basal- and contraction-induced increases in muscle protein synthesis. ⋯ These results suggest that severe iron deficiency decreases not only basal but also muscle contraction-induced increases in protein synthesis due to, at least in part, downregulation of the protein synthesis signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle.
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In India, although nutritional conditions have improved, a high prevalence of anthropometric failure is still reported in children. Unfortunately, there are knowledge gaps surrounding nutrient and anthropometric shortcomings as well as dietary patterns. More than half of children are consuming a vegetarian diet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary adequacy levels on anthropometric failure in 5772 vegetarian children (ages 6-23 mo) satisfying minimum dietary diversity. ⋯ Dairy is an essential source of nutrients that are required for healthy growth and development in children younger than 2 y, even if they satisfy minimum dietary diversity conditions in India.