Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-perceived body image and body composition in the sexes and in different age classes. ⋯ The Williamson's figure scale silhouettes appear to be a suitable technique to screen for adiposity in epidemiologic studies and for routine applications.
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CrossFit (CF) is characterized as a constantly varied, high-intensity, functional movement training program, performed with little or no rest between bouts, combining strength and endurance exercises, such as running, cycling, rowing, Olympic weightlifting, power weightlifting, and gymnastic-type exercises. Several nutritional strategies are used to improve sports performance of CF practitioners; however, most of them are empirical and lack scientific evidence. Thus, the aim of this review was to determine the effects of diet intervention, dietary supplements, and performance-enhancing substances on exercise-performance parameters of CF practitioners. ⋯ These outcomes may have been obtained due to methodological limitations such as small sample size, lack of control over influencing variables, short period of exercise intervention. Despite the popularity and growing evidence about CF, little is known about the relationship between performance-enhancing substances or dietary interventions and CF performance. Given the lack of scientific evidence, new studies with potential ergogenic supplements, a better methodological model, and practical application are required.
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Lactose intolerance affects 33% to 75% of the world population and may be associated with various genetic factors. Lactose in the diet can be found in milk and dairy products, which simultaneously constitute the primary sources of calcium. Gut microbiota also influences lactose tolerance. ⋯ Diet may prevent the development of osteoporosis, thus, educating patients regarding proper diet should constitute a part of the treatment and prevention process. Patients should consume low-lactose, or lactose-free milk and bacterially fermented dairy products. Additionally, plant milk supplemented by calcium and vitamin D, mineral water with calcium, and certain vegetables also may be good sources of calcium.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of oral vitamin D supplementation in improving disease severity among patients with psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Many treatment modalities have been used to manage psoriasis; however, there is, to our knowledge, no pooled estimate for the effectiveness of oral vitamin D supplements in patients with psoriasis. Hence, the aim of the present study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of oral vitamin D supplementation in lessening disease severity of patients with psoriasis. ⋯ A favorable effect of oral vitamin D supplementation in patients with psoriasis could not be verified. More randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are needed to produce robust results.