Nutrition
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is seriously threatening public health and setting off huge economic crises across the world. In the absence of specific drugs for COVID-19, there is an urgent need to look for alternative approaches. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to review the roles of micronutrients and bioactive substances as potential alternative approaches in combating COVID-19. ⋯ The roles of micronutrients and bioactive substances in the fight against COVID-19 are exciting areas of research. This review may suggest directions for further study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Nomogram based on nutritional and inflammatory indicators for survival prediction of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is a rare type of esophageal cancer, and the parameters for prediction of SCCE outcome are unclear. This study aimed to construct a nomogram to predict the outcome of SCCE. ⋯ A nomogram based on nutrition- and inflammation-related indicators was developed to predict the survival of patients with SCCE.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Perioperative nutritional prehabilitation in malnourished children with congenital heart disease: A randomized controlled trial.
The poor preoperative nutritional state of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is often exacerbated postoperatively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative 1- versus 2-wk nutritional prehabilitation programs on growth and surgical outcomes in malnourished children with CHD. ⋯ The 2-wk prehabilitation program was associated with better anthropometric measurements, shorter ICU LOS postoperatively, and shorter duration of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation. The preoperative nutritional status of children with CHD had a negative effect on ICU LOS and duration of mechanical ventilation.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Development and validation of a rapid-decision pathway to diagnose malnutrition in patients with lung cancer.
Malnutrition is frequently developed and outcome-related in patients with lung cancer (LC). Making a rapid and accurate diagnosis of malnutrition is the major concern for dietitians and clinicians. ⋯ This study presents a rapid-decision pathway, including a set of tools that can be conveniently used to facilitate the diagnosis and severity grading of malnutrition in patients with LC.
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Sarcopenia worsens the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the plasma free amino acids (PFAAs) associated with sarcopenia or myosteatosis in the course of HCC recurrence. ⋯ Among the PFAAs, the level of BCAAs was associated with sarcopenia in the course of HCC recurrence.