Nutrition
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Parents' lifestyle and nutrition can program offspring obesity in adulthood. We hypothesized that maternal swimming has beneficial effects on the adversity caused by paternal obesity on offspring. ⋯ Obese fathers produced offspring that were overweight and had altered fasting glycemia and insulin sensitivity, leading to higher liver lipogenesis and inflammation, as well as lower beta-oxidation. The swimming mother mitigated these adverse effects in mice offspring.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Seven-day fasting as a multimodal complex intervention for adults with type 1 diabetes: Feasibility, benefit and safety in a controlled pilot study.
Intermittent as well as prolonged fasting are receiving considerable attention and appear favorable in conditions such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and rheumatic diseases. Fasting for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is generally considered too risky. However, the ability and possibility to change from carbohydrate- to ketone-based fuel supply might be relevant for individuals with T1D. The aim of this patient-led research was to investigate the feasibility, benefit, and safety of a 7-d multimodal fasting intervention in individuals with T1D. ⋯ This study demonstrated the feasibility, benefits, and safety aspects of a 7-d fast in adults with T1D.
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Infectious morbidity is the most common and costly among all surgery-related complications, and infections by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR) are associated with poor outcomes. Derangements of body composition is a recognized risk factor for infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between specific traits of body composition and the risk of having MDR-related infections. ⋯ In surgical cancer patients, preoperative value of SPA lower than -0.3 is associated with the outbreak of MDR bacterial infections.
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Açai is a rich source of anthocyanins and has been used as a dietary supplement and as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Growing evidence indicates that host-microbial interactions played a vital role in the host metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthocyanin-rich extract of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit (AEA) regarding its antiobesity activity and gut microbiota-modulating effect. ⋯ AEA alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. The microbial changes may be one of the potential mechanisms for AEA in improving obesity and obesity-related disorders.
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Depression and malnutrition are prevalent among people with coronary artery disease (CAD) and can affect their prognosis, but the relationship between depression and malnutrition and its co-effect on prognosis is not clear. We sought to explore that relationship and its effects. ⋯ Depression and malnutrition were found to be risk factors for adverse outcomes in people with CAD. People with CAD should pay attention to their emotional and nutritional statuses, and interventions must be timely and efficient.