Nutrition
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Vitamins A and D provided protection from xenobiotic-induced liver injury in previous animal studies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of our previous randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of vitamin A and D supplementation on tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. ⋯ Vitamin A and D supplementation did not protect against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. Future work should evaluate the effects of higher dosages of vitamins A and D and the effects of different genotypes for vitamin A and D metabolic enzymes or receptors.
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Standard prognostic markers based on individual characteristics of individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) remain scarce. Body-composition features have often been associated with survival outcomes in different cancers. However, the association of adipose tissue radiodensity with MM prognosis has not yet, to our knowledge, been explored. ⋯ SAT radiodensity may serve as a biomarker to predict host-related metabolic and proinflammatory milieu, which ultimately correlates with MM prognosis.
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Infectious morbidity is the most common and costly among all surgery-related complications, and infections by multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDR) are associated with poor outcomes. Derangements of body composition is a recognized risk factor for infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between specific traits of body composition and the risk of having MDR-related infections. ⋯ In surgical cancer patients, preoperative value of SPA lower than -0.3 is associated with the outbreak of MDR bacterial infections.
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As the extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio of the thigh is negatively associated with knee extension strength or gait speed in the elderly, an increase in the total body ECW/ICW ratio in the elderly is considered to be related to a decrease in physical function. However, these relationships have not been properly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength and gait speed with the total body ECW/ICW ratio in community-dwelling elderly women. ⋯ These findings suggest that the total body ECW/ICW ratio may indicate health conditions in community-dwelling elderly women.
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We sought to determine whether cranberry juice consumption would ameliorate laboratory and clinical measurements of disease activity in people with rheumatoid arthritis receiving fish oil supplementation. ⋯ The ingestion of cranberry juice adds beneficial effects to fish oil supplementation, decreasing disease activity and inflammatory biomarkers in people with rheumatoid arthritis.