Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Organizational issues of home parenteral nutrition during COVID-19 pandemic: Results from multicenter, nationwide study.
Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are prone to severe complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The pandemic requires adaptation of the health care standards, including epidemiologic surveillance, logistics of home supply, and monitoring. Potential lack of medical professionals may worsen the standard of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medical staff resources in HPN units. ⋯ A shortage of HPN medical professionals requires attention when planning health care organization, especially during a pandemic. Severe restrictions in public health systems may not reduce the number of new qualifications for the HPN procedure. There is a need for the continuation of data collection during the evolution of the pandemic as it may have a detrimental effect on HPN including serious issues with access to professional HCWs.
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Observational Study
Influence of biomedical education on health and eating habits of university students in Spain.
The aim of this study was to explore the influence of an enrolled degree course on health and eating habits in a population of Spanish university students (17-26 y of age). ⋯ Healthier lifestyle factors cluster into the biomedical group in various components of the study, except food addiction where no differences were observed. The data presented here suggest the necessity to develop health promotion strategies targeting university students.
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Standard prognostic markers based on individual characteristics of individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) remain scarce. Body-composition features have often been associated with survival outcomes in different cancers. However, the association of adipose tissue radiodensity with MM prognosis has not yet, to our knowledge, been explored. ⋯ SAT radiodensity may serve as a biomarker to predict host-related metabolic and proinflammatory milieu, which ultimately correlates with MM prognosis.
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As the extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio of the thigh is negatively associated with knee extension strength or gait speed in the elderly, an increase in the total body ECW/ICW ratio in the elderly is considered to be related to a decrease in physical function. However, these relationships have not been properly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength and gait speed with the total body ECW/ICW ratio in community-dwelling elderly women. ⋯ These findings suggest that the total body ECW/ICW ratio may indicate health conditions in community-dwelling elderly women.
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Vitamins A and D provided protection from xenobiotic-induced liver injury in previous animal studies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of our previous randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of vitamin A and D supplementation on tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. ⋯ Vitamin A and D supplementation did not protect against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. Future work should evaluate the effects of higher dosages of vitamins A and D and the effects of different genotypes for vitamin A and D metabolic enzymes or receptors.