Nutrition
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Magnesium treatment on methylation changes of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2).
The viral entry of SARS-CoV-2 requires host-expressed TMPRSS2 to facilitate the viral spike protein priming. This study aims to test the hypothesis that magnesium (Mg) treatment leads to DNA methylation changes in TMPRSS2. ⋯ Among individuals ages < 65 y with calcium-to-magnesium intake ratios equal to or over 2.6, reducing the ratio to around 2.3 increased 5-methylcytosine modifications (i.e., cg16371860) and reduced 5-hydroxymethylcytosine modifications (i.e., cg26337277) in the TMPRSS2 gene. These findings, if confirmed, provide another mechanism for the role of Mg intervention in the prevention of COVID-19 and treatment of early and mild disease by modifying the phenotype of the TMPRSS2 genotype.
-
There are concerns about adverse events related to early enteral nutrition (EN) in people receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This was a retrospective study evaluating. This nutritional support of people receiving ECMO, factors that may confer benefits in outcomes. ⋯ Although adequate nutritional support and EN-dominant nutritional support were not associated with changes in outcome, early EN was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality. Therefore, even when EN is not the dominant route of nutritional support, early EN may be recommended for better outcomes in people on ECMO.
-
Our primary objective was to explore the effect of a eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD) on mortality, admission to the intensive care unit, and need for non-invasive ventilation in hospitalized patients with COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19), in comparison to a eucaloric standard diet. Secondary objectives were verification of the safety and feasibility of the diet and its effects on inflammatory parameters, particularly interleukin-6. ⋯ These results show a possible therapeutic role of an EKD in the clinical management of COVID-19. Currently, a prospective controlled randomized trial is running to confirm these preliminary data.
-
Seasonal variations in body composition and parameters that reflect nutritional status are well established in patients on hemodialysis (HD). However, to our knowledge, no study has assessed the changes in oxidative stress (OS). The aims of this study were to assess seasonal variations in OS, body composition, and other nutritional parameters. ⋯ These results suggest seasonal variations in OS in patients on HD and a possible interaction between OS and nutritional status in these patients.
-
The market for food supplements is booming thanks to their increased consumption. European regulations include different ways in which vitamins and minerals are administered, without making it clear to the consumer whether one formulation has advantages over the other. The aim of this review was to compare the bioavailability of different forms of magnesium and analyze the differences between them. ⋯ All magnesium dietary supplements can maintain physiological levels in healthy people without prior deficit, although this cannot be assured in older people or those with illnesses or previous subphysiological levels.