Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to quantify the bioaccessibility of phosphorus from amino acid-based formulas (AAFs) under different digestive conditions. ⋯ The present findings indicated that phosphorus bioaccessibility in the in-vitro batch digestion model translates well into phosphorus bioavailability in mice even under compromised digestive conditions that bypass gastric acidification.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diet reversal to standard chow on diet-induced changes in structure and function of normal and obstructed bladders in male Wistar rats. ⋯ The results suggested that in obstructed bladders of animals, reversal of the diet could reverse all diet-associated changes that increase inflammation and fibrosis in obstructed bladders. This is especially important in changes related to high consumption of fatty diets and associated lower urinary tract symptoms.
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Case Reports
Anaphylaxis after consumption of pumpkin seeds in a 2-y-old child tolerant to its pulp: A case study.
Pumpkin and its seeds are increasingly consumed by children for their potential health benefits. Each day, approximately 30% of teenagers consume nuts and seeds, including pumpkin seeds. However, there is some evidence that pumpkin seeds may exert allergenic effects and induce severe life-threatening anaphylaxis. Allergy to melon, cucumber, and zucchini, which belong to the same Cucurbitaceae family as pumpkin, are well known, opposite to pumpkin allergy. Few descriptions of allergic reactions associated with pumpkin have been published, especially in children. To date, three cases of pumpkin pulp and two seed cases have been reported among children. Our case report describes a case of pumpkin seed anaphylaxis in a child with good tolerance of pulp. ⋯ Pumpkin seed anaphylaxis can develop in a child with a tolerance to pumpkin pulp. Pumpkin seed allergens have not been well characterized. Homology between amino-acid sequences in storage proteins may indicate cross reactivity between different edible seeds and nuts.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analysis of frequency and risk factors for complications of enteral nutrition in children in Poland after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement.
The aim of the study was to assess the complication rate and identify whether age, nutritional status, and history of respiratory aspiration prior to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) are risk factors for post-PEG placement complications in Polish children. In addition, the safety of two enteral feeding methods (3 h vs. 8 h) after PEG insertion in children was compared. ⋯ The early initiation of post-PEG feeding was not associated with an increase in the number of complications. Most complications after the PEG procedure were mild. Age, serum albumin level, white blood cells, body mass index standard deviation score, and a history of aspiration to the respiratory tract were not confirmed as a risk factor for post-PEG complications in children.
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The influence of living alone on multiple food and nutrition behaviors across a range of ages and genders has not been sufficiently investigated. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies have described both dietary status and medical examination findings in persons living alone. Among individuals who attended a health checkup in a rural town in Japan, we investigated dietary habits and medical examination findings in persons living alone and those living with one or more other persons. ⋯ It was found that living alone was associated not only with a reduced quality of dietary intake but also with an unfavorable trend in some of the medical examination findings.