Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of time-restricted feeding on body composition and cardio-metabolic risk in middle-aged women in Taiwan.
We sought to investigate the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) and a traditional weight-loss method on body composition and cardio-metabolic risk factors in middle-aged women. ⋯ The weight loss and reduction in diastolic blood pressure using the TRF method were better than with the traditional weight-loss method. However, this method may increase fasting glucose levels and adverse insulin resistance status.
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This study aimed to analyze the relationship between food insecurity and school meal consumption, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. ⋯ The Brazilian School Food Program has contributed greatly to food security. Although the guarantee of universality is essential for the program to reach all school children who are experiencing food insecurity, the program should also aim for greater equity.
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Skeletal muscle accounts for 80% of whole body insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and it plays a key role in preventing and curing obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Vitamin K2 (VK2) plays a beneficial role in improving mitochondrial function through SIRT1 signaling in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice and palmitate acid (PA)-treated C2C12 cells. A previous study also found VK2 increases oxidative muscle fibers and decreases glycolytic muscle fibers in obesity-induced mice, however, the underlying molecular mechanism of effect of VK2 on increasing oxidative fibers have not been well established. ⋯ Naturally occurring VK2 increases slow-twitch fibers by improving mitochondrial function and decreasing non-esterified fatty acid levels via partially SIRT1/SIRT3 signaling pathway. These data have potential importance for the therapy for a number of muscular and neuromuscular diseases in humans.
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Multicenter Study
Food intake and weight loss of surviving inpatients in the course of COVID-19 infection: A longitudinal study of the multicenter NutriCoviD30 cohort.
NutriCoviD30 is a longitudinal multicenter cohort study that aimed to provide nutritional objective data of inpatients during COVID-19 infection. The aims of this study were to describe the nutritional effects of COVID-19 infection on adult inpatients on the short- to mid-term (≤30 d after hospital discharge), using food intake and weight measurements and to identify factors associated with a decrease in food intake and weight. ⋯ To prevent malnutrition and its long-term effects, mainly combined with a rapid weight loss predominantly affecting lean body mass, implementation of nutritional support is needed for COVID-19 inpatients. It should be started early in the course of the infection, and be extended up to the recovery phase.
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Review
Exploring the potential role of phase angle as a marker of oxidative stress: A narrative review.
Chronic conditions including non-communicable diseases have become increasingly prevalent in the past decade. Proinflammatory cytokines are associated with the development of several pathologies, their prognoses, and their associated mortality. Chronic inflammation is also associated with oxidative stress whereby reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cellular injury and, thus, by doing so, initiate inflammatory signaling. ⋯ PhA is considered an indicator of cellular health and integrity and is also related to inflammatory markers and inflammation. Given the association among oxidative stress, cell damage, and inflammation that may in turn be associated with low PhA values, it is expected that PhA could mirror oxidative stress. In this hypothesis-generating, narrative review we summarize the current knowledge regarding the potential relationship between PhA and oxidative stress and their interrelationship in chronic conditions.