Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Association of serum total bilirubin with survival outcomes in patients with cancer cachexia: A prospective, multicenter cohort study.
Cancer cachexia is a systemic paraneoplastic phenomenon involving multiple organs, including the liver. Total bilirubin (TBIL) is an easily obtained blood biomarker that reflects liver homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of serum TBIL in patients with cancer cachexia. ⋯ High TBIL levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients and might be a promising prognostic indicator in patients with cancer cachexia.
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The association between caffeine consumption and mortality in different weight statuses is unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of caffeine consumption on mortality in different weight statuses. ⋯ The present study suggests that moderate caffeine intake is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in a large study of U.S. adults, especially among those who are overweight. Overweight individuals were more likely to benefit from moderate caffeine intake.
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Observational Study
Muscle changes on muscle ultrasound and adverse outcomes in acute hospitalized older adults.
Muscle ultrasound is a non-invasive technique that enables identification of the quantity and quality of muscle tissue. It has been used not only for diagnosis of sarcopenia but also for prediction of outcomes in clinical practice. There is now increasing awareness that muscle changes detected during acute hospitalization indicate acute sarcopenia leading to worse outcomes. However, to our knowledge, few studies have investigated this in hospitalized older adults. The aim of this study was to determine whether muscle changes on muscle ultrasound can predict poor outcomes in acute hospitalized older adults. ⋯ Acute muscle changes on muscle ultrasound were not associated with mortality, ADL decline, or hospital-associated complications in acute hospitalized older adults. More research in various settings is needed to clarify the value of muscle ultrasound in clinical practice.