Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to provide reference for improving the quality of future guidelines by evaluating present guidelines for nutrition in critically ill adults using Report Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) and Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II). ⋯ Report and methodological quality of guidelines for nutrition in critically ill adults were relatively high. The evaluation results of RIGHT and AGREE II are consistent, with higher scores in the field of background and lower scores in the part on quality control and applicability. To facilitate application of guidelines, RIGHT and AGREE II should be used as criteria by guideline developers.
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This study aimed to test whether athlete-specific, bioelectrical, impedance-based equations to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) could be more accurate than generalized equations when testing resistance-trained exercisers. ⋯ When assessing body composition in resistance-trained exercisers, specific equations for athletes should be preferred to generalized ones to avoid an overestimation in FFM. Furthermore, athlete-specific and generalized formulas cannot be used interchangeably, even when assessing body composition in the general population.
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Heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients is often complicated by abdominal obesity and arteriosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between adipose tissue distribution and arterial stiffness in patients with HFpEF. ⋯ In patients with HFpEF, adipose tissue distribution was correlated with arterial stiffness. VFA was independently associated with baPWV.
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This study investigated the nutritional quality and adequacy of school meals served to school-age children and adolescents. ⋯ Despite their benefit to alleviate hunger in schools, school meals contributed suboptimal energy and nutrients to deprived school-age children and adolescents. Inclusion of animal products, fruits, and vegetables may improve energy and nutritional values.