Nutrition
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of time-restricted feeding on body composition and cardio-metabolic risk in middle-aged women in Taiwan.
We sought to investigate the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) and a traditional weight-loss method on body composition and cardio-metabolic risk factors in middle-aged women. ⋯ The weight loss and reduction in diastolic blood pressure using the TRF method were better than with the traditional weight-loss method. However, this method may increase fasting glucose levels and adverse insulin resistance status.
-
Multicenter Study
Food intake and weight loss of surviving inpatients in the course of COVID-19 infection: A longitudinal study of the multicenter NutriCoviD30 cohort.
NutriCoviD30 is a longitudinal multicenter cohort study that aimed to provide nutritional objective data of inpatients during COVID-19 infection. The aims of this study were to describe the nutritional effects of COVID-19 infection on adult inpatients on the short- to mid-term (≤30 d after hospital discharge), using food intake and weight measurements and to identify factors associated with a decrease in food intake and weight. ⋯ To prevent malnutrition and its long-term effects, mainly combined with a rapid weight loss predominantly affecting lean body mass, implementation of nutritional support is needed for COVID-19 inpatients. It should be started early in the course of the infection, and be extended up to the recovery phase.
-
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease in older adults and has a complicated etiology. Recently, the roles of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites generated by fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota, in the pathogenesis of AD have attracted considerable interest. ⋯ According to the currently available evidence, SCFAs, particularly butyrate, cause important biological effects that interfere with the development of AD. However, the effect of other SCFAs, such as propionate, on AD might be either beneficial or harmful to different pathways, indicating that the role of SCFAs in the pathogenesis of AD is rather complicated and warrants further investigations.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Longitudinal effect of nutritional intervention on body weight: A randomized controlled trial.
This study evaluates, in the medium and long term (12, 36, and 48 mo), the effect of an intervention to promote consumption of fruit and vegetables on the body weight of Brazilian primary health care users. ⋯ Participating in the primary health care service contributed to a small reduction in weight, and the intervention for consumption of fruit and vegetables did not enhance this effect. However, greater weight loss was observed in participants with obesity and those who adhered to the intervention.
-
Prospective cohort studies linking dietary patterns and hyperuricemia (HUA) are limited, especially in Asian populations. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between various dietary patterns and risk for HUA in a general adult population. ⋯ Dietary patterns rich in animal or sweet foods were positively associated with a higher risk for HUA, whereas the vegetable pattern was negatively associated.