Nutrition
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With the global rise in obesity and the metabolic syndrome, double diabetes is increasingly prevalent in patients with type 1 diabetes. This review investigated the effects of diet on weight management and metabolic outcomes in patients with double diabetes. MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, and Web of Science databases were searched through September 2020. ⋯ Dietary interventions in published data failed to demonstrate effects on metabolic syndrome. Larger sample, high-quality trials conducted over longer periods are urgently required to determine the efficacy of diet for weight management and improving metabolic outcomes in individuals with double diabetes. This would provide much needed evidence-based guidance for dietary interventions, which are well known to be the cornerstone of clinical care.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Glutamine supplementation can reduce some atherosclerosis markers after exhaustive exercise in young healthy males.
Glutamine can be beneficial to athletes for its antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on some atherosclerosis markers after exhaustive exercise in young healthy males. ⋯ Glutamine supplementation has beneficial effects for athletes, particularly those doing strenuous physical exercise, through reducing atherosclerosis-related biomarkers and elevating serum adiponectin levels, and it can potentially play a role in decreasing the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.
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The effects of chronotype on dietary intake and weight gain during pregnancy have not been addressed in the literature. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of chronotype on eating patterns, energy, and macronutrient intake and distribution, as well as weight gain during pregnancy. ⋯ Pregnant women with a tendency to eveningness consume breakfast later in the day and exhibit greater consumption of energy and carbohydrates in the evening, as well as a worse standard of gestational weight gain in the third trimester. Our results emphasize the importance of considering chrononutrition variables in prenatal nutritional guidelines to promote maternal and fetal health.
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Previous studies confirmed the safety and feasibility of oral feeding on the first postoperative day (POD) for patients with minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Nonetheless, some clinical concern can lead to delays in early oral feeding on POD 1. To our knowledge, few reports have focused on resolving these clinical concerns. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of an early, quantified, modified oral feeding protocol for patients after MIE and to explore its effect on nutritional status and quality of life (QoL). ⋯ The findings demonstrated that the early, quantified, modified oral feeding protocol can alleviate postoperative body weight loss, improve the patient's nutritional status, and have a positive effect on QoL and early recovery for patients undergoing MIE.
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Nutrition has become an important component in treating individuals during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is increasingly affecting the world population and causing a collapse in health services. Prolonged hospitalization, including immobilization and catabolism, induces a decrease in body weight and muscle mass that may result in sarcopenia, a condition that impairs respiratory and cardiac function and worsens the prognosis. The present study aimed to analyze enteral nutritional support and the clinical evolution of patients admitted with COVID-19 in Brazil. ⋯ An association between inadequacies in protein and energy supply with mortality was confirmed, suggesting that nutritional support optimization should be prescribed in such situations.