Nutrition
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Body composition was reported to be related to the prognosis of patients with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative body composition on anastomotic leakage and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer. ⋯ Patients with higher VAT and VFI were prone to have an anastomotic leakage. Lower BMI, VFI, and SFI were associated with a reduction in overall survival.
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Nutrition has become an important component in treating individuals during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is increasingly affecting the world population and causing a collapse in health services. Prolonged hospitalization, including immobilization and catabolism, induces a decrease in body weight and muscle mass that may result in sarcopenia, a condition that impairs respiratory and cardiac function and worsens the prognosis. The present study aimed to analyze enteral nutritional support and the clinical evolution of patients admitted with COVID-19 in Brazil. ⋯ An association between inadequacies in protein and energy supply with mortality was confirmed, suggesting that nutritional support optimization should be prescribed in such situations.
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Malnutrition is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) was proposed to assess the severity and characteristics of malnutrition. Thus, we aimed to use the latest consensus on the diagnosis of malnutrition, GLIM criteria, to evaluate malnutrition in patients with IBD. ⋯ The prevalence of malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria was high in non-surgical patients with IBD, and as the degree of malnutrition worsened, more phenotypes and etiologic types appeared. The phenotypic and etiologic characteristics of GLIM were different in patients with Crohn disease than in those with ulcerative colitis.
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Although the provision of nutrition helps minimize adverse outcomes in most patients in intensive care units (ICUs), little is known about the relative effect of energy and protein delivered on mortality in ICU patients with different ranges of body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between adequacy of dietary energy and protein intakes separately and simultaneously, and short-term mortality in medical ICU patients across four BMI categories. ⋯ Although the adequacy of delivery of prescribed DEI or DPI dosages appeared to be important for reduced risks for mortality in ICU patients with BMI <30 kg/m2 when analyzed separately, DPI had a stronger effect on decreases in ICU mortality when the two were analyzed simultaneously. Further investigation may be needed to study the role of increased protein in improving clinical outcomes.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the factors influencing sarcopenia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in mainland China and to explore the role of phase angle (PhA) in sarcopenia. ⋯ The present study showed that PhA was an important influencing factor of sarcopenia adjusted by age and body mass index in Asian patients on MHD. PhA may have an optimistic predictive value to identify sarcopenia in these population, and it is convenient and accessible in clinical practice than the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia.